Page:Text-book of Electrochemistry.djvu/15

 X CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XII.

Equilibrium between Several Electrolytes.

Isohydric solutions, 188. Precipitation, 189. Distribution of a base between two acids (avidity), 191. Strength of acids and bases, 192. The dis- sociation of water, 193. Heat of dissociation of water, 194. Heat of neutralisation, 196. Electrolytes with a negative temperature co- efficient for the conductivity, 198. Neutralisation volume, 198.

CHAPTER XIII.

Calculation of ElectromotiTe Forces.

Introduction, 201. Qalvanic elements, 202. Transformation of chemical into electrical energy in a Daniell cell — Thomson's rule, 203. Criticism of Thomson's rule, 205. Helmholtz's calculation, 207. Free and bound energy, 209. Meyer's concentration element, 210. Helmholtz's concen- tration element, 212. Nemst's calculation of the electromotive force at the surface of separation of two solutions of the same salt, 218. Nemst's calculation of the electromotive forces of concentration elements, 220. Experimental coulBinnation of the theory, 223. Solution pressure of motals, 225. Planck's formula, 227.

CHAPTER XIV.

Potential Difference between Two Bodies.

Electrical double-layer, 230. Potential difference between a metal and a liquid, 231. Capillary electrometer, 232. Dropping electrodes, 233. The Yolta effect, 235. Pellat's method, 236. Hesults of experimental determinations, 237. Heat of ionisation, 238. Seat of the electro- motive force in a Daniell element, 240. Very small ionic concentra- tions, 242.

CHAPTER XV.

Oxidation and Reduction Elements. Secondary Elements.

Becquerc-rs experiments, 244. Neutralisation element, 247. Irreversible elements, 248. Normal elements, 251. Secondary elements, 253. Polarisation current, 253. Smale's experiments, 253. Helmholtz's investigation on the influence of pressure, 254. Strength of the polari- sation current, 256. Le Blanc*s investigations, 257. Maximum polari- sation, 259. Polarisation by deposition of solid substances, 259. Grovels investigations, 260. Cathodic and anodic polarisation, 260. Accumu- lators, 261.

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