Page:Territory in Bird Life by Henry Eliot Howard (London, John Murray edition).djvu/371

Rh Change of breeding quarters owing to unsuitableness, 50

Chiffchaff, 49, 51, 80, 139, 140, 221, 224, 244

Cirl Bunting, 28, 140

Clarke, W. Eagle, Studies in Bird Migration, 24

Cleanliness of nest, 180

Cliff-breeding species, 63

Climatic changes, alteration of routine, due to, 284

— changes, food dependent on, 283

— conditions, influence of, 20

Communities, 202

— birds after breeding-season remain in, 265-67

Competition, female, for males, 13

Complexity of strife, 84-85

Conflicts between males during the mating period, 74, 86

— between males during the nesting period, 87

— for areas, 10, 11, 13, 62

— of Ruff, 54

— sexual, 10

Congenital disposition, 135

Contests between males for possession of females, 80

Coot, 61

Corn-Bunting, 28

Corncrake, 39

Crow, Carrion, 226, 227

Crow, Hooded, 202

Cuckoo, 52, 82, 144, 296

— restricted breeding area, 52

Curlew, 119, 138, 140, 250, 262, 263, 265, 273

warnings, 269

Darwin, C., Descent of Man, 35

— on the arrival of males before females, 35

Defence of territory, 6

Development, sexual, 6

Disposition, congenital, 135

— functioning of, 74

— inherited, 5

— to defend the territory, 73-118

— to mate, 27

— to remain in a particular place in a particular environment, 6

— to secure a territory, 6, 20-72

Distribution, adjustment of, 275

Dove, Turtle, 126, 232

Dunlin, 260

behaviour, 53, 82, 114

— manifestation, 90, 263

— response, 26

Enemies, 282

Energy, waste of, 219

Environment, 6

— and food, 56

— changes of, 283

— external, conditions in, 279, 282

Equipment, hereditary, 6

Evolution of breeding stations or territory, 16, 19

— of the territory, 176

— of the voice, 163

Existence, struggle for, 294

Experience, acquired, 300

Experiments, removal of nests for, 181, 185, 190, 213, 214

Exposure, its effect on nestlings 180

External environment, conditions in, 279, 282

, 48, 71

Feeding grounds, neutral, 125

in communities, 70