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between companies. The companies are numbered 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc., from head to rear, if in column, and from right to left, if in line.

Italy. The formations are like those of Austria, but the double column has been retained. Japan. The only formations prescribed are the broad and deep column. France. The companies are formed in column or in ligne de sections par quatre, intervals and distances being 10 paces. Distances and intervals may be increased when required. The battalion in line in which the companies are formed in line in numerical order, abreast of each other at intervals of six paces, is only retained as a parade formation. Line of company columns (ligne de colonnes). Companies abreast with intervals of six paces. Deep column (colonne de bataillon). The companies in normal formation in rear of each other at distances of 10 paces. Double column (colonne double). Intervals and distances 10 paces. The formation in which the companies are abreast of each other, each in column of fours at deploying intervals, is employed in marching across country and also under artillery fire. Only the regiment carries a color, the battalion a guidon (fanion). Deep Column

(colonne de bataillon). The companies in line of platoons in column of fours (ligne de sections par quatre). Double Column

(colonne double). Deep Column

(colonne de bataillon). Double Column

(colonne double). The companies in line of platoons in column of fours (ligne de sections par quatre). Line of Company Columns

(ligne de colonnes).