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 of lead still ingredient rises with other impurities to the surface of the melted lead and is scooped away carefully. The pure metal is then finally cast into small iron cans, or into sheaves and cakes. Lead is also obtained from litharge, produced by the cupellation process of silver, by smelting the litharge with charcoal, to reduce the oxide of lead.

The silver ores met with in Japan, are:—

1.— (silver moss). The ore seems to occur but seldom in Japan. We saw it only once in a small quantity. It does not serve for the extraction of silver.

2.— ( or ; Syn. Sudzuno-yani, Mategara). This valuable silver-ore is found, though only in small quantities, in the mountain Beai, in the province Jö in Ginsan of Iwami, in Tadayama in the province of Setsu. It produces some silver but much less than the following ore, which is the chief silver-mineral of Japan.

3.— (or ) a very compound mineral, mentioned already. This ore is worked both with copper and silver. It occurs in several places in Japan.

4.— with a variable but small amount of silver sulphiae. This ore is also used in silver-metallurgy. The last mentioned silver-ores are found and worked at the following places in Japan. At most of these places the production of silver is, however, exceedingly small.