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xxiv written by those who, next to the immortal founder of the science, are universally considered as its greatest benefactors.

Taking them in alphabetical order, the following are the most important of these contributions: Banking, by Mr Buchanan; Banks for Savings, Beggar, Benefit Societies, Colony, by Mr Mill; Commerce, by Mr Lowe; Corn Laws, Cottage System, by Mr M‘Culloch ; Economists, by Mr Mill; Emigration, by Mr Buchanan; Exchange, by Mr M‘Culloch; Funding System, by the late Mr Ricardo; Interest, Money, Political Economy, by Mr M‘Culloch; Poor Laws, by the Reverend Mr Sumner; Population, by the Reverend Mr Malthus; and Taxation, by Mr M‘Culloch.

It will appear from this enumeration, that the science of Political Economy is here examined as a whole, in a general treatise; while a number of articles are devoted to subordinate topics, requiring separate elucidation. As nothing was more wanted for the purposes of the student, than a succinct and systematic exposition of the leading doctrines of the science, the general article by Mr M‘Culloch cannot fail to be regarded as a valuable addition to the means of diffusing the knowledge of its principles. His other articles are marked by the same clear and searching view of the whole field of inquiry, and the same depth and skill in the application of general principles, which eminently distinguish that treatise. They contain a forcible exposition of the new doctrines concerning rent, value, wages, and profits; while they also furnish full statements of the doctrines to which they are opposed. In copious references to the history of opinions and of measures, and in illustrative Tables, formed with the greatest attention to accuracy, they have recommendations of especial value in an Encyclopædia. The prejudices and clamours that have been opposed to the important and fruitful doctrine more particularly connected with the name of Mr Malthus, must be considered as greatly enhancing the value of the correct and comprehensive summary of the facts and reasonings by which it is established, here given, in their latest form, from his own pen. Closely connected with this subject is that of the article by Mr Sumner, which contains a clear and sound view of all the questions discussed in it. The articles in this department may be described generally, as furnishing a pretty complete view of all the great questions that have been agitated in modern times, relative to the creation, distribution, and con- 12