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 ordnance corps. Commissions are given to the cadets according to the report of their merits and acquirements: they have their choice of entering either into the artillery or engineers. The whole expence to Government of the Royal Military Academy at Woolwich is at the rate of about L. 100 for each cadet.

III. The Royal Military College, which is at present established at Farnham, in Surrey, and at Sandhurst, near Bagshot, was originally settled at High Wycombe and Great Marlow. The establishment at High Wycombe commenced in January 1799, at which time there was a superintendent, commandant, two or three professors, and thirty-four students. Next year four more professors were added; and in 1801 it took the name of the Royal Military College by his Majesty’s warrant. A supreme board of Commissioners, to superintend and regulate its concerns, was appointed, consisting of the Commander-in-chief, Secretary of war, and the heads of the great military departments, with others of high rank in the army; three of whom, including the Secretary at war, and the Adjutant or Quartermaster-general, were to form a board of management. By his Majesty’s warrant, dated 4th of June 1802, another department, called the Junior Department of the Royal Military College, was formed; and the objects of this, as well as af the original, or Senior Department, were specifically pointed out. A collegiate board was also established, for the internal government of the college, consisting of the governor, lieutenant-governor, and the commandants of the two departments. The last warrant relating to this establishment is dated 27th May 1808: this places both the departments, forming one college, under the command of the governor and lieutenant-governor; it continues the collegiate board, and vests the appointment of professors and masters, after public notice of vacancies, and the examination of the candidates in the presence of the collegiate board, in the supreme board.

By these warrants, it was declared that the Junior Department of the Institution, which was then at Marlow, was principally intended for those who were destined for the military profession, in order to ground them in the necessary sciences by the time they could hold commissions, and also to afford provision for the orphan sons of meritorious officers, who had fallen or been disabled in the service of their country, or whose pecuniary circumstances rendered them unable to educate their sons properly for a military life. The warrant of 1808 fixed the number of students in the Junior Department at four hundred and twelve, divided into four companies of an hundred and three cadets each. They are admitted upon three different establishments:—1. Orphan sons of officers of the army or navy, who have fallen, died, or been disabled in the service. They are admitted free of expence, except that they are to bring the first suit of uniform on their admission, and to keep up their stock of linen, during their residence at the college. 2. The sons of officers actually serving in the army or navy, who pay a certain sum annually, (from L. 10 to L. 60,) according to the rank of their fathers. 3. The sons of noblemen and gentlemen, who pay L. 100 per annum each.

The military branch of the establishment attached to the Junior Department, consists of a commandant, a major, three captains, an adjutant, and inferior officers.

The studies pursued in this department are mathematics, natural philosophy, history, geography, fortification, military-drawing, landscape-drawing, arithmetic, classics, French, German, fencing, and writing. There are seven masters of mathematics, four of fortification, five of military-drawing, three of landscape-drawing, four of history, geography, and classics, six of French, one of German, and three of fencing. The course for this department lasts from three and a half to four years.

Applications for admission must be made to the Commander-in-chief, through the governor of the college, and his Majesty’s approbation obtained. Every candidate, previous to admission into the Junior Department, must pass an examination in Latin and English grammar, and in the first four rules of arithmetic; no candidate can be admitted under thirteen or above fifteen years of age.

Examinations are held monthly, which are conducted by the professors of the Senior Department, for the purpose of ascertaining the progress of each cadet, previous to his removal from one class to another. There are also half-yearly examinations, in presence of the Collegiate Board, on which occasion, one or more members of the Supreme Board, not being members of the Collegiate Board, attend. These examinations are held previous to the cadet’s receiving commissions from the college; and if they acquit themselves well, they are furnished by the Board of Commissioners, in whose presence the examination takes place, with certificates of qualification to serve in the army as officers. The third class, or gentlemen-cadets, are allowed to purchase commissions at any time during their continuance at the college; but no gentleman-cadet can be recommended for a commission by private interest, until he has made a certain progress in his studies.

The Senior Department of the Royal Military College, which was originally established at High Wycombe, is intended for the purpose of instructing officers in the scientific parts of their profession, with a view of enabling them better to discharge their duty, when acting in the command of regiments, and, at the same time, of qualifying them for being employed in the quarter-master and adjutant-general’s department. The military branch of the establishment of the senior department, consists of a commandant and adjutant. Lhe studies pursued are mathematics, in all the various branches, fortification, gunnery, castramentation, military-drawing, and surveying, the reconnoitring of ground, the disposition and movement of troops, under all the various circumstances of defensive and offensive war, rules for estimating the military resources of a country, and the German and French languages. There are six professors in this department,—one for mathematics, one for fortification, two for military-drawing, one for French, and one for German.

The full complement of the Senior Department consists of thirty students. No officer can be