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BREMEN.

(Fkeie Hanpestadt Bremen.)

Bremen is a Free State, with a Constitution adopted on May 15, 1920. The highest power in the State is exercised r>y the House of Burgesses (Burger- schaft), consisting of 120 members, elected on a democratic basis by all citizens of the State. The Biirgerschatt elects the Senate of 14 members as the Executive body. Two Burgenneister chosen from the members of the Senate preside over the deliberations of that body.

The results of the elections for the House of Burgesses held on June 6, 1920 were :— Majority Socialists, 22 : Independent Socialists, 37 ; Commu- nists, 5 ; Democrats, 17 ; German People's Party, 25 ; Christian People's Party, 2 ; Retailers, 6 ; German National People's" Patty, 6.

Area, 99 square milrs ; population census (1919), 311,266; (July 1, 1920) Bremen, 264,170 ; Bremerhaveu, 22,159.

On Dec. 1, 1910, Bremen contained 257,930 Protestants (87 2 per cent.), 21,074 Roman Catholics (7'1 percent.), 1,217 other Christians, 1,251 Jews, others 14,243. Marriages in 1919, 3,512 ; births, 4,755 ; deaths, 3,798 ; exce>s of deaths, 6.

Bremen contains two Amtsgerichte and a Landgericht, whence appeals lie to the 'HanseatischeOberlandesgericht' at Hamburg.

In 1919 the revenue was 55,579,739 marks, and expenditure 82,214,151 marks. Public debt on April 1, 1917, 294,095,500 marks.

Next to Hamburg, Bremen was the largest port for the international trade of Germany. Seventy-five per cent, of the commerce was, in 1912, under the German, and about 10 per cent, under the British flag.

Total number of emigrants who embarked at Bremen, 1912, 7,974 ; 1913, 9,710; 1914, 6,260 ; 1915, 4,231.

Railways, 31 miles, owned and worked by the State.

References.

Die Volkszihlung toiu 1 December, 1910, im Bremischen Staate, herauagegeben torn Bremischen Statist ischt-n Anit. — Untersuchung der Wohnungen dee minder beinittelten Klassen in Bremen. 1905. — Berufs- und Betriebsziihlung Tom 12 Jnni, 1907, im Bremi- schen 8taate, 1909. — Monstsberichte und Mitteilungen des Bremischen Statistischen Amis (from 1902).

Bippen{\\. von), Geschicbte der Stadt Bremen. Bremen, 1892, *c.

Bollmann (J.), bremisches Sta&te-und Verwaltungsrecht. Bremen. 1904.

Bohmert (W.), Die Hamburg- Amerika Linie und der Norddeutsche Lloyd. Berlin, 1909.

Buehtnau, Die Pre ie Stadt Bremen und itir Ge'oiet. Bremen, 1900.

Bremen and seine Bauten. Bremen, 1900.

Funk. Gescuicuie und Statistik des Biemischen Amienwesens. Bremen, 1913.

Qehrke (F.), Breinens Warenhandel und seine Stellang in der Weltwirtschaft. Jena, 1910.

Jahrbuch fur Bremiscbe SUtistik. 1. Bd. Handelsstatistik (seit 1S50). 2. Band : Allgemeiue Statistik (seit lSoo).

Kiny (Wilson), 1 hree Free Cities : Being the Chronicles of Hamburg, Bremen, and Liil»eck. London, 1914.

Xeubnur (P.). Der Norddeutsche Lloyd. M Jalire der Entwickelung 1857-1907. 2 Bde. Leipzig, 1907.

Bauers(J.), Geschicbte des Bremen Binnenhandels im 19ten Jahrhundert. Bremen. 1913.

Tjaden, Bremen in bygienischer Beziehung. Bremen, 1907. .Schellers FUhrer durch Bremen. Bremen 1910.

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