Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/895

 AREA AND POPULATION

843

According to the Treaty ot Versailles (article 45), France obtained from Germany as a compensation for the destruction of the coal mines in the North of France, the exclusive rights of exploitation of the coal mines situated in the Saar Basin. The »rea of this district is about 751 square miles, and the population 657,370. For the next 15 years the Saar Basin will be governed by a Commission of Five, chosen by the League of Nations. At the end of 15 years the population will decide by vote one of three alternatives, viz., the maintenance of the rule set up by the Treaty, union with France, or UDion with Germany.

Between the years 1811 and 1820 the average annual surplus of births over deaths was 5 '7 per thousand of population ; between 1851 and 1860 it was 2-4 ; and between 1881 and 1885 it was 16. The average number of births per marriage was (1881-85) about 3 ; in 1891 it was 2*1.

In the following table, the third, fourth, and fifth columns give [in brackets] for the first five censuses the population, its density, and its average annual increase of Fiance, excluding Alsace- Lorraine, and are thus comparable with the data for the censuses posterior to the loss of Alsace and Lorraine (1872-1911).

ile'l

Inhabitants

Annual Increase

Dates

Area: sq. miles 207 ,1

Population

per sq. mile 181

per 10,000 inhabits.

1801

27,849,003

_

[26,930,756]

[130]

—

1821

—

30,461,875

146

57

i

[29,871,176]

[144]

[55]

1841

—

34,230,178

164

0-2

[33,400,864]

[161]

[58]

1861

212,659

37,386,313

176

37

[35,844,902]

[173]

[36]

„ 1860

—

88,067,064

178

40

[S6,495,4S9]

[176]

[86]

1872

207,054

36,102,921

174

—961 r 171

1876

—

36,905,788

17S

I lt J 54

1881

—

37,672,048

182

41

1886

—

38,218,903

184

29

1891

—

33,342,948

185

6 5

1896

—

38,517,332

186

4 -i

1901

—

38.961,945

1S8

♦ 2-3

1906

—

39,2;-

189

14

1911

—

39,*01,509

189

17

1919

UACfijB

41,47.".,523

1 Decrease.

In 1911, the foreign nationalities most numerously represented were English, 40,378 ; Belgians, 287,126 ; Germans, 102,271"; Austrians, 14,681 Swiss, 73,422; Itab'ans, 419,234; Spaniards, 105,760; Russiaus, 35,016 total, 1,159,835.

The active population of 1911 was returned under the following occupa- tions : Fisheries, 55,000 ; agriculture and forestry, 8,517,000 ; mines and quarries, 246,000 ; manufacturing industries, 5,746,000 ; transport, Ac, 1,543,000; commerce, 2,053,000; liberal professions, 550,000; domestic service, Ac, 929,000 ; public service (including the arniv), 1,292,000 : total, 20,931,000, of whom 7,719,000 were of the female sex.