Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/608

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UNITED STATES : — MASSACHUSETTS

Production, Industry, Commerce-— In 1910 the number of farms

in Massachusetts (a farm being defined for census purposes as 'any tract of land of three or more acres used for agricultural purposes, and also any tract containing less than three acres which produced at least 250 dollars worth of farm products in the year 1909') was 36,917, with an area of 2,875,941 acres, of which 1,164,501 acres was improved land. The value of all farm property (including land valued at 105,532.616 dollars) in the State in 1910 was 226,474,025 dollars. Of the 36,917 farms in the State approximately 87 per cent, were operated by the owners, 5 per cent, by managers, and 8 per cent, by tenants. The total value of the agricultural products of the State during the year 1909, was 31,948,095 dollars, represent- ing an increase of 38 per cent, over the corresponding total for the year 1899, The principal crops in 1920 with their values were : Hay and forage, 610,000 tons, valued at 17,080,000 dollars ; potatoes, 4,000,000 bushels, valued at 6,000,000 dollars ; maize, 840,000 bushels, valued at 1,050,000 dollars ; tobacco, 15,810,000 pounds, valued at 6,419,000 dollars. On Jan. 1, 1921, there were in the State 47,000 horses, 157,000 milch cows, 100,000 other cattle, 28,000 sheep, and 130,000 pigs. In 1920 the wool clip yielded 131,000 pounds.

In the last half of the nineteenth century so many industrial enter- prises came into existence that Massachusetts has been quite transformed from an agricultural into a manufacturing community. At present nearly three-fourths of the population dwell in the cities or closely settled places.

The census of manufactures in the State in 1918 showed that the total capital invested in manufactures was 2,510,730,295 dollars, employing on the average 719,210 persons, who earned 679,401,273 dollars, using raw material valued at 2,249,822,722 dollars, and turned out products worth 3,851,346,215 dollars (m 1905, 1,124,092,051 dollars).

Condensed statistics of the more important industries are given in the following table (Massachusetts Statistics of Manufactures, 1918) : —

No. of

Goods made

Persons

Industries

Estab- lish- ments

Capital invested

Stock used

and work done

em- ployed

Wages

dollars

dollars

dollars

dollars

Boots and shoes.

474

158,854,255

289,779,464

301,090,201

77,196

68,459,977

Cotton goods

184

415,016,361

311,877,291

529,676,806

114,489

92,916,509

Woollen, worsted,

and felt goods.

195

262,464,985

293,897,630

464,007,705

01,032

'3,556

Foundry and

machine shop

products. ..

881

273,090,011

141,189,420

341,751, :i07

88,599

102,246,122

Electrical machi-

nery, Rppara-

tuB, and sup-

plies ....

80

50,324,198

85,524,431

82,742,869

21,568

21,949,491

Paper and wood

pul]> ....

80

84,047,469

57,322,710

01,428,846

14,890

14,890,004

Leather, tanned,

curried, and

finished. ..

181

64,919,315

55,101,648

81,462,273

11,204

11,567,378

Slaughtering, in-

cluding meat

packing. ..

88

88,890,075

103,090,542

117,780,023

4,366

4,714,884

There is very little mining within the State. The principal minerals,

as in