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and turned out products valued at 145,962.000 dollars. The iron and steel output was worth 21,236,000 dollars ; cotton goods, 22,212,000 dollars ; lumber and timber products, 26,058,000 dollars ; other large industries being foundry work, railway-car construction, the manufacture of fertilisers, of cotton-seed oil and cake, and of turpentine and resin.

The chief port of Alabama is Mobile, through which there is a large trade. The exports comprise raw cotton (over 12,062,000 dollars annually), timber, lumber, &c. (6,800,000), cereals and flour (2,950,000), and lard (1,800,000), besides cattle, sheep and other animals, nuts, hops, fruit, flax- seed and oil, sugar, tobacco, &c. The port is the outlet not only for products of Alabama, but for those of neighbouring States. The imports at Mobile are mostly from Mexico and consist largely of bananas, other tropical fruits, and sisal grass. The harbour channel is deepened to 22$ ft.

The larger rivers in the State are navigable (except at low water) for several hundred miles ; the Alabama river for 400 miles. In 1917 the rail- ways within the State had a length of 5,420 miles, exclusive of 365 miles of electric railway.

In 1916 there were 16 sayings banks in the State with 229,000 debitors who had to their credit 1 3, 3 1 1 , 009 dollars, raaki ng an average of 5 S 33 dollars to each depositor.

British Vice-Consul at Mobile. — Thomas John McSweany.

Books of Reference.

Reports of the various Executive Departments of the State.

The British Consular Reports>for the consular district of New Orleans. London, annual.

Brewer (W.), Alabama, her History, Resources, War Record, and Public Man. Montgomery, Ala.,

FUming(V>. L.). Civil War and Reconstruction in Alabama. XewTorkand London, 1905.

Harper (R. M.), Economic Botany of Alabama. Montgomery, 1913.

Owen(T. MA Bibliography of Alabama. Washington.

Pickett (A. J.), History of Alabama (Owen's Edition). Birmingham, Ala., 1900.

Owen (T. M ), Alabama Official and Statistical Register. Montgomery, 1903, 1907, 1911, 1913, 1915.

ARIZONA.

Government.— Arizona was admitted into the Union as a Sovereign State on February 14, 1912. In the laws which the first State Legislature of Arizona enacted, the affairs of State government are placed under direct '•ontrol of the people, who can at any time exercise the machinery of the Initiative, Referendum and the Recall. Among the amendments to the Constitution upon which the people voted in 1912 was one giving the State power to engage in industrial pursuits.

The State Senate consists of 19 members, and the House of Representa- tives 35. The State is represented in the National Congress by one member of the lower house and two Senators.

Governor.— Thomas E. Campbell, 1921-22 (6,500 dollars). Secretary of State. — Ernest H. Hall.

The State capital is Phoenix (population in 1920, 29,053). Tucson had a population of 20,286 in 1920. The State is divided into 14 counties.

Area, Population and Instruction. — Area of 113,956 square miles,

of which 146 square miles is water. The Indian reservations had an area of 29,017 square miles in 1919, with a population of 42,346. According to the 1920 census, population is 333,903.