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THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — SOUTH AUSTRALIA

centres ; the number of children under instruction during 1919 was 75,681. There is a training college for teachers. The University of Adelaide incor- porated in 1874, is authorised to grant degrees in arts, law, music, medicine, and science. There are several denominational secondary schools. There were 166 private schools, with 13,209 pupils, in 1919. There is a school of mines and industries in Adelaide, with 5 branches in the larger country centres. The Public Library, Museum, Art Gallery, and Local Institutes are supported or assisted by the State.

Justice and Crime.

There is one supreme court, a court of vice-admiralty, 5 courts of insol- vency, and over 100 local courts and police magistrates' courts. There are circuit courts held at several places. There were 47 convictions for felonies and misdemeanours in the Higher Courts and 7,527 in the Magistrates' Courts in 1919.' The total number of persons in gaols at the end of 1919 was 222.

Old Age Pensions.

Old Age and Invalidity Pensions are now paid by the Commonwealth Government. The numbpr of pensioners in South Australia at March 31, 1920, was: Old Age, 9,616 ; Invalid, 2,166 ; War, 14,959.

For Defence, see under Commonioealth of Australia.

Finance.

Revenue and expenditure for six years : —

Years ended June 30

Revenue

Expenditure

June 30
 * Tears ended

Revenue

Expenditure

1914 1916 1917

£ 4,822,766 4,350.967

4,874,603

£ 4,604,129 4,741,377 5,190,453

191S.

1 1919.

1920.

£

5,526,226 5 798,314 C,582,7S8

£

5,500,419 5,S76,807 6,457,039

Most of the revenue is derived from inland revenue, railways, and territorial receipts, while most of the expenditure is on account of public works, railways, and interest on public debt.

The public debt of the State, excluding the Northern Territory, dating from 1852, amounted, on June 30, 1920, to 43,753,146/. Over half of the public debt has been spent on railways, water-works, and telegraphs.

Production and Industry.

Of the total area of South Australia proper (243,244,800 acres), 13,862,911 acres were alienated and in process of alienation under systems of deferred payments on June 30, 1920. Altogether about 114 million acres are unoccupied. The freehold and leasehold land in South Australia proper amounts to 130,000,000 acres, of which 5,000,000 acres are under cultivation each year.

Value of production, 1918-19 :— Crops; 11,345,854?. (cereals, hay, &c, 9,550,002?., orchards, vineyards, and gardens, 1,795,852?.) ; manufactures, 6,955,361/. ; pastoral, 6,102,379?. ; minerals, 1,527,288?. ; dairying and poultry, 1,842,253?. ; fisheries and gattie, 376,698?. ; forestry, 388,511?. Grand total, 28,538,344?., equal to 64?. 1*. 3d. per head of population.