Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/352

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THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — CANADA

January 11, 1909, was signed at Washington a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States relating to the use of the boundary waters between Canada and the United States. The treaty provides for the establish- ment and maintenance of an international joint commission, consisting of three representatives appointed by H. M. the King on the recommendation of the Governor in Council of the Dominion of Canada, and three appointed by the President of the United States. This commission, subject to the conditions of the treaty, has jurisdiction in all cases involving the use or obstruction or diversion of the boundary waters. Precedence is given by the treaty to uses of the waters in the following order, viz., (1) for domestic and sanitary purposes, (2) for navigation, (3) for power and irrigation.

The total single track mileage, or miles of road, of steam railways in Canada, June 30, 1919, was 38,896, an increase of 17 miles over 1918. The total mileage of all tracks, including sidings, etc., was 50,615. The Canadian Government owns and operates 13,598 miles of road. This is made up of 9,359 miles of the Canadian Northern System, and 4,239 miles of old Canadian Government lines, and lines purchased recently. The Government is now acting as receiver for the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, with 2,714 miles of road. The Grand Trunk System is now being appraised, with the object of being taken over by the Government. The mileage is 3,567. The Dominion Government is thus now (November, 1920), operating 42 per cent, of the single track mileage in Canada, and with the Grand Trunk the mileage would be over 51 per cent. The province of Ontario owns and operates the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario with 329 miles of track. The largest part of the privately owned mileage is owned by the Canadian Pacific, with 13,295 miles, or 34 per cent, of all Canadian mileage. The main line of this road from Vancouver, British Columbia, to St. John, New Brunswick, is 3,367 miles long. The two other Transcontinental lines, the Grand Trunk Pacific and Transcontinental from Prince Rupert, British Columbia to Moncton, New Brunswick, and Intercolonial Railway from Moncton to Halifax, Nova Scotia and the Canadian Northern System, Vancouver, British Columbia to Montreal, Quebec and Intercolonial from Montreal to Halifax, Nova Scotia, are now being operated by the Government. There are 144*5 miles of the C.P.R. main line and 43"7 miles of the Canadian Northern main line running through the United States, otherwise these three lines, stretching from the Pacific to the Atlantic, lie wholly within Canada. The single track mileage by Provinces is: — Ontario, 11,000 ; Quebec, 4,860 ; Manitoba, 4,189 ; Saskatchewan, 6,148 ; Alberta, 4,285 ; British Columbia, 4,238 ; New Brunswick, 1,948 ; Nova Scotia, 1,432 ; Print* Edward Island, 279 ; Yukon, 102 ; United States of America, 415. There is a monthly steam service between Australia and British Columbia, tick which the Dominion Government gave 166,624 dollars in the fiscal year 1919.

The traffic on Canadian steam railways in five years was: —

1910

1017 I'M 8 1019

Miles j PM £ n 8 ers

35,.VT8 87,484 88,604 88,879 88,880

40,898,086

49,027,071 53, 749,680 50,787,204 78,371, Tit!

Freight Tons of 2000 lbs.

Receipts

87,204,838

!( r- ',.-...>. <,' 88

121,916,272 137,643,687 l 16.649 .VJ

41,078,854

68,880,804 67,878,687

78,728,0.10

Working

Capital

working ,„,,,, capital Expenses Netrecel F IS liability

17 10,711,007

37,111,404 16,781,808

4, r ),S16,408 18,064,390

50,813,062 11,565,525

a.

889,148,680

408,052,442 411,080,540

70,272,601 8,450,409 i 413,004,177