Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/325

 ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN 273

LE5GTH MBA8UBE8.

Inches Diraa Baladi (town). . _ . . . = 22'8347 Diraa Mimari for building, kc ] ... — 295276 Qassabah = 3 8823 yards. = 139 7639

Measures of Surface.

Feddan, the unit of measure for land, = 7.46S-143 sq. pics= 103808 acre* 1 sq. pic = 6 06 »q. ft. = 5628 sq. metre.

ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN. Government.

The rule of Egypt in the Sudan, after having gradually extended during the course of 60 years, was interrupted in 1882 by the revolt of the Mahdi, who, with his successor, the Khalifa, held the country for about sixteen years under a desolating tyranny. In 1896 the Anglo-Egyptian army com- menced operations for the recovery of the lost provinces, and on September 2, 1898, the overthrow of the Khalifa was completed. In November, 1899, he was overtaken by the Egyptian forces near Gedid, where he was slain in battle, and his remaining followers taken prisoners.

A convention between the British and Egyptian Governments, signed at Cairo, January 19, 1899, provides for the administration of the territory south of the 22nd parallel of latitude by a Governor-General, appointed by Egypt with the assent of Great Britain, and declares the general principles in accordance with which the administration shall be carried on. The British and Egyptian flags shall be used together ; laws shall be made by proclama- tion ; no duties shall be levied on imports from Egypt, and duties on imports from other countries, via the Red Sea, shall not exceed those levied in Egypt ; the import and export of slaves is prohibited, and special attention shall be paid to the Brussels Act of 1890 respecting the import and export of arms, ammunition, and spirits.

The Sudan has been divided into fifteen Provinces. The Governors of provinces are British Officers of the Egyptian Army employed under the Sudan Government or British civil officials of the Government. Adminis- tration is carried out through British Inspectors in charge of one or more districts into which the provinces are subdivided, these units being super- vised by District officials who are in most cases Egyptian officers lent from the Egyptian Army.

In 1910 a Governor-General's Council was created to assist the Governor- General in the discharge of his executive and legislative powers. All ordinances, laws and regulations are now made by the Governor-General in Council.

The Enclave of Lado, which was continued in the occupation of H.M. King Leopold II, King of the Belgians, during his reign, by the Agreement signed at Brussels on May 12, 1906, reverted to the Anglo- Egyptian Sudan on his death, and has been included in the Mongalla province.

Area and Population.

Extending southwards from, the frontier of Egypt to Uganda and the Belgian Congo (approximately N. lat. 5°), a distance of about 1,650 miles, and stretching from the Red Sea to the confines of Wadai in Central Africa, the subject territory has an area of about 1,014,400 square miles.

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