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 242 THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — WEST AFRICA — NIGERIA

Calvert (A. F.), South-West Africa during the German Occupation. London, 1915.

Dintcr (K ), Deutsch-Siidwestafrika. Leipzig, 1909.

Evehigh(Vf.), South- West Africa. London, 1915.

Ooode (J. L. Wilson), Report on the Conditions and Prospects of Trade in the Protectorate of So nth-West Africa. [Cmd. 842]. London, 1920.

Me (I.). Die Herrero. Gutersloh, 1906.

Opitz(\f.), In Siidwestafrika. Leipzig, 1909.

Schulze (LA Siidwestafrika. Berlin, 1910.

Schwabe (K.), Im Deutschen Diamantenlande. (A History of German South-West Africa from 1884 to 1900.) Berlin, 1909.

Tonnesea (T.), The South-West African Protectorate. Geographical Journal for April, 1917.

Wanner (P. II.), The Geology and Mineral Industry of South-West Africa. Cape Town, 1916.

WEST AFRICA.

These Possessions are the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria ; the Gambia Colony and Protectorate ; the Gold Coast Colony with Ashanti and Northern Territories ; and the Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate.

Parts of Togoland and the Cameroons are also included.

NIGERIA.

History and Constitution. — This territory comprises a number ol areas formerly under separate administrations. Lagos, bought in August, 1861, from a native king, was placed under the Governor of Sierra Leone in 1866. In 1874 it was detached, together with the Gold Coast Colony, and formed part of the latter until January, 1886, when a separate " Colony and Protectorate of Lagos " was constituted. Meanwhile the National African Company had established British interests in the Niger valley, and in July. 1886, the company obtained a charter under the name of the Royal Niger Company. This Company surrendered its charter to the Crown in 1899, and on January 1, 1900, its territories were formed into the two Protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria. The latter absorbed the "Niger Coast Protectorate," which was formed in May, 1893, from the "Protectorate ol the Oil Rivers," which had been constituted in June, 1885. In February, 1906, Lagos and Southern Nigeria were united into the " Colony and Protectorate of Southern Nigeria," and on January 1, 1 1> 1 4, the latter was amalgamated with the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria to form the ' Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria,' under a Governor. l.agos is the seat of the Central Government.

The Colony of Nigeria had its boundaries defined afresh, and the Protec- torate was divided into two groups of provinces, the 'Northern Provinces' and the 'Southern Provinces,' each under a Lieutenant ■( io\ erimr appointed by the King, and subject to the control and authority of t he Governor.

The Executive Council of the Colony was made, from January 1, 1914, the Executive Council of the Protectorate also. There is an ad- visory and deliberative body known as the Nigerian Council, consisting ol the Governor, the members of the Executive Council, and other official member* a member, resident in Nigeria, of the Lagos Chamber ol Coimnen member of the Calabar Chamber of Commerce, and a member of the Oha of Mines, nominated by those bodies ; three Europeans nominated b] Governoi ; and six native members, also nominated by the Governor. This Council has no legislative or executive authority. Then: is a LeguJ Council for Lagos, consisting of tho Governor, six otiicial and four unoflicial members.