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 BECHUANALAND PROTECTORATE

203

numbered on May 7, 1911, 323,900 head, sheep and goats, 358,000. During the year 1919-20 23,569 head of cattle were exported. The police force consists of 58 Europeans and 116 Basutos, and 86 local natives aa messengers. Education is provided (there were 8 European, 1 coloured, and 59 native schools, 1919-20), with Government assistance (2,250/. being granted in 1919-20), in the London Missionary Society (Church of England), Dutch Reformed Church, and other schools. There are schools for Europeans, subsidised by the Government, at Francistown, Serowe and Magalapye, and at Lobatei, Hildavale, Pitsani, and Molopolole. Total Government expen- diture on education, 1919-20,1,880/.

Gold and silver to the total value of 7,349/. were mined in 1919-20.

Revenue and expenditure for six years : —

Year

Revenue

Expenditure

Tear

U 1917-18

!i 191?-19 II 1919-20

Revenue

Expenditure

1913-14 1915-16 1916-17

£ 65,139 70,225 69,348

t 60,74? 68.622 65,077

£

71,409 80.282 M.563

£

67,439 76,716 91,611

Revenue exceeded expenditure for the first time in 1915-16.

Chief items of revenue, 1918-19: customs, 19,3S3/. ; hut-tax, 40,750/. ; licences, 5,133/. ; posts, 7,555/. ; export duty on cattle, 3.321/. Chief items of expenditure, 1918-19: Resident Commissioner, 5,869/. ; district admini- stration, 5,864/. ; posts, 3,846/.; Police, 33,590/.; public works (extraordinary and recurrent), 5,961/. ; veterinary, 4,833/. There has been no Imperial grant-in-aid since 1911-12, when the grant amounted to 10,000/.

There is no public debt. Excess of assets over liabilities on April 1, 1920, 13,664/.

The Protectorate was within the South African Customs Union, and when the Union of South Africa was completed, an agreement was made with the Union Government under which duty on all dutiable articles imported into the Protectorate is collected by the Union Customs Department and paid into the Union Treasury, a lump sum representing a certain portion of the annual Customs Revenue of the Union being paid over to the Pro- tectorate. Under this arrangement figures relating to imports and exports are not available.

The telegraph from the Cape of Good Hope to Rhodesia passes through the Protectorate and is owned by the British South Africa Company. Similarly the railway extending northwards from the Cape of Good Hope traverses the Protectorate. It is the property of the Rhodesia Railways, Limited. In the Protectorate are 13 post offices ; receipts, in 1919-20," 7,555/. ; expen- diture, 3,846/. Postal business, 1919-20. 337.765 letters, 5,980 post- cards, 4,472 newspapers, 2,184 book packets, samples, and circulars, and 1,196 parcels.

The currency is British money. There is no bank in the Protectorate.

Resident Commissioner. — J. C. Macgregor, C.M.G.

Government Secretary. — J. Ellenberger.

References.

Annual Report on the Protectorate. London.

Reports by and Instructions to Major-General Sir Charles Warren, K.C.M.G., a Special Commissioner to Bechuanaland, 1864-86. Correspondence and Further Corre- spondence respecting Bechuanaland, 1887-98. London.

Htpburn (J. D.), Twenty Tears in Khama's Country. London, 1895.