Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/231

 BRITISH EAST AFRICA 179

References.

<Jt'H(Mrs. D.), Six Months In Ascension. London, 137S.

Johntton (Sir Harrvi, The Colonisation of Africa. Cambridge, 1S99.

Oxford Surrey of the British Entire. Vol. III. London, V.-14.

BRITISH EAST AFRICA.

British East Africa consists of a large area on the mainland, together with the Islands of Zanzibar and Pemba. For details as to international agree- ments, &c, with regard to the British sphere in East Africa, see the Statesman's Yeak Book for 1907, pp. 216 and 217.

KENYA COLONY AND PROTECTORATE.

Government. — The Kenya Colony and Protectorate extends from the Uniba to the J uoa River, and inland as far as the borders of Uganda. Kenya Protectorate (so named by Order in Council dated August 13, 1920) includes certain mainland dominions of the Sultan of Zanzibar, viz. , a strip, extending 10 miles inland along the coast from the German frontier to Kipini, the islands of the Lamu Archipelago, and au area of 10 miles round the fort of Kismayu, these territories having been leased to Great Britain for an annual rent of 17.000J. The colony and protectorate were formerly known as the Africa Protectorate. On April 1, 1905, this was transferred from the authority of the Foreign Office to that of the Colonial Office. By au Order in Council dated November 9, 1906, the Protectorate was placed under the control of a Governor and Commander-in-Chief. By Order in Council th> Protectorate (except the Sultan of Zanzibar's dominions) was annexed to the Crown, as from July 23, 1920, under the name of the Kenya Colony, ana thus becomes a "Crown Colony." An Order in Council of October 22, 1906, constituted an Executive and a Legislative Council, the former consisting of 1 members, in addition to the Governor, the latter of 8 official and 4 unofficial members. Under an Ordinance of July, 1919, the Legislative Council is to cousist of 11 elected representatives of the European community, three nominated members, two representing the Indian population and one the Arabs, and a sufficient number of official members to give a majority in thi: Council. Legislation is by Ordinances made by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council. In 1908 foreign consular jurisdiction in the Zanzibar strip of coast was transferred to the British Crown. There are S provinces and a tract oi territory partially organised lying to the north. The provinces are as follows : Seyidie (capital Mombasa), Ukamba (capital Nairobi), Tanaland (capital Lamu), Jubaland (capital Kisniayu), Kenya (capital Nyeri), Naivasha (capital Naivasha), the Nyanza Province capital Kisumu), Northern Frontier District (capital Moyale). For administrative purposes the Colony is to be divided into white-settled areas under Resident Magistrates, and native reserves under Native Commissioners.

Area and Population. — The territory has an area of 246,822 square miles; population estimated at 2,807,000, including 5,362 Europeans and 17,000 Asiatics. On the coast the Arabs and Swahilis predominate : further inland are races speaking Bantu languages, and non- Bantu tribes such as the Masai, the Somali, and the Gallas. Mombasa is the largest town; population about 30,000, of whom 130 are Europeans. The harbour is situated on the eastern side of an island of the same name, and is the terminus of the Uganda Railway. Kilindini harbour on the south-western side of the island is the finest land-locked and sheltered harbour on the east coast of Africa and is accessible to vessels of deep draught. There is good warehouse accommodation and a pier connected with the Uganda Railway. The two

>- 2