Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/192

 140 THE BRITISH EMPIRE: — INDIA AND DEPENDENCIES

Of the total area under irrigation in 1918-19, 21,198,000 acres were irri- gated by canals; 7,268,000 acres by tanks; 14,216,000 acres by wells: and 4,501,000 acres by other sources. State irrigation works accounted for 25 million acres in 1918-19. The estimated value of crops grown on this area during the year amounted to about 92 6 millions sterling. In the case of irrigation works (as distinct from navigation canals), for which capital accounts are kept, the net revenue apart from charges for interest was 3,756,600*.

Livestock, in British India, census 1919-20 : oxen, 117,428,000 ; buffaloes, 28,493,000; sheep, 21,984,000; goats, 24,134,000; horses and ponies, 1,699,000 ; mules, 75,000 ; donkeys, 1,372,000 ; camels, 408,000.

Forests. — The lands under the direct control of the State Forest Department are classified as ' Reserved Forests' (forests intended to be permanently main- tained for the supply of timber, &c, or for the protection of water supply, &c), ' Protected Forests,' and ' Unclassed ' forest land. The following table shows the extent of these areas in 1918-19 : —

Bengal

United Provinces ....

Punjab

Burma

Bihar and Orissa ....

Assam

Central Provinces (including Berar).

Coorg

North-West Frontier Province.

Ajmer

Baluchistan (portions under Br. Ad.) An da mans and Nicobars.

Madras

Bombay (including Sind)

Total ....

Reserved Forests Sq. miles

311 109 ,336 ,747 ,495 ,64.0 520 236 142 313 85 ,712 ,100

Protected Unclassed Forests Forest land Sq. miles Sq. mile*

101,639

1,711 1,101 4,169

1,089

487

8,557

4,030

61

7«7

116,829

16,309

472 2,122

682

141,272

Total Sq. miles

10,629

7,473

7,045

146,165

2,836

21,804

111,645

520

236

142

785

2,207

19,394

12,687

251,468

The net revenue from the State forests in 1919-20 was about 2,192,000?. (i.e., taking Rs. 10 to the 11., or at Rs. 15, 1,461,000*.).

Industries. — The most important indigenous industry, after agriculture, is the weaving of cotton cloths. Other important indigenous industries are silk rearing and weaving, shawl and carpet weaving, wood-carving and metal- working. One of the most important industries connected with agriculture is the tea industry, the number of persons employed being about 972,000. The area under tea plucked in 1919-20 was about 643,000 acres, distributed ai follows: Assam, 389,700; Bengal, 163,200; Madras, 28,200; Punjab, 9,700 ; Agra, 7,700; Bihar and Orissa, 2,100; Upper Burma, 1,700 : and the Travancore State, 40,700. The production in 1919-20 was about 377 million pounds, against about 381 million pounds in 1918-19. The exports of Indian tia from British India (including the State of Travancore) in 1919-20 were:— to United Kingdom, 336,917,000 lb. ; Russia, 20,000 lbs. ; Canada, 8,300,000 lb.; China, 161,000 lb.; Australasia, 7,783,000 lb.; Ceylon, 1,721,000 1b.; Asiatic Turkey, 4,646,000 lb. ; United States, 6,594,000 lb. ; elsewhere (including exports across the land frontier), 15,892,000 lb. ; total, 382,034,000 lb.; against 326,646,000 lb, in 1918-19. (The production figures for 1919 20 are provisional.)