Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/1297

 EDUCATION — FINANCE — DEFENCE — PRODUCTION 1 245

the be^innin^ of 1917, the population of the present Armenian Republic amounted to 2,159,000, of which 1,416,000, or 66 per cent, were Christians ; 670,000, or 31 per cent, were Mohammedans ; and 73,000, or 3 per cent, were of diverse religions. Since 1917, owing to the war, part of the Mohammedan population has left the Armenian Republic, and about 300,000 Armenians have returned within the frontiers of the Armenian territory. T1k> total population of United Armenia in the widest extent claimed would be about 8,000,000.

The chief towns of Russian Armenia are Erivan with about 90,000 inhabitants, Alcxandropn] 50,000, and Kars, 35,000. The Supreme Council at San Remo in April, 1920, decided to iuternationalise the port of Batum and make it a common outlet for Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.

Education, — Since the Russian Revolution in 1917 all the state ' Gymnasia ' in Armenia have been nationalised, and the language now used is Armenian. A system of compulsory primary education has been established within the Armenian Republic, and the old Church Seminaries and Technical Schools continue their work.

Finance. — The sources of revenue are, direct and indirect taxes, monopolies, and property and other taxes. For the first five months of 1919, the average revenue and expenditure balanced at 1,950,000 francs.

Defence- — The Armenian Army at present is formed on the old Russian system : it consists of all branches of service. Military service is not compulsory for the Mohammedans.

Production. — The territories which may eventually form part of the United Armenian state are rich in mineral resources and industrial possibilities, and angur well for extensive commerce in the near future.

Armenian Rtyprest ntatixe in London. — Major-General BagratonnL

Books of reference concerning Armenia

1. Official Publications.

1 Kavkaski Kaleudar ' (in Russian) last edition in 1917.

at Ktchn.iadzin.
 * Armenian Annual ' (in Armenian) published by the Chancellery of H. H. the Catholikos


 * Sal name ' (in Turkish) Official statistics concerning the Armenian provinces.

2. Hov*OmciAL Publications.

[ Atlan (Kevoik), Armenia and the Armenians. London, 1920. Brtfce (Lord). Trans-Caucasia and Ararat. 4th ed. London, 1896. Buxton (Noel and Harold). Travel and Politics in Armenia. London, 1914. Oregar (N. Ter), History of Armenia. London, 1897. Haupt (Lehujaun). Armenian Einst und Jt-tzt. Berlin, 1910. Hubbard (G. E ), From the Gulf to Ararat. London, 1916. Lyneh (H. F. B.). Armenia: Travels and Studies. 2 vols. London, 1901. Tozer {B.), Tuivisii Armenia and Eastern Asia Minor. Londou, 16S1. William* (W. LL), Armenia Past and Present. Londou, 1916.