Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/1262

 1210

ROME, SEE AND CHURCH OF

Name

Office or Dignity

Cardinal-Priests — cont.

John Csernoch

Gustav Piffl

Andrew Francis Friih-

wirt. George Gusmini. Alfonso Maria Mi-

strangelo. Raphael Scapinelli di

Leguigiio. Petro Lafontaine Donato Sbaretti. Augustus Dubourg Charles Ernest Dubois Vittorio Amedeo 1

Ranuzzi de Bianchi. J Toinmaso Pio Boggiani Alessio Ascalesi Louis Joseph Maurin. Alexander Kakowski Edmund Dalbor Adolph Bertram John Soldevila y

Romero Francesco Ragonesi. Michael Faulhaber Dennis Dougherty Juan Benloch j Vivo. Francisco de Assis)

Vidal y Barraquer. J Karl Josef Schulte

Cardinal-Deacons : —

Gaetano Bisleti

Archbishop of Esztergom \ (Gran). ]

,, Vienna

Archbishop of Bologna Archbishop of Florence

Patriarch of Venice

Archbishop of Rennes. Archbishop of Paris

Archbishop of Benevento Archbishop of Lyons Archbisl'op of Warsaw. Archbishop of Posen Archbishop of Breslau. Archbishop of Saragossa

Apostolic Nuncio in Spain Archbishop of Munich. Archbishop of Philadelphia Archbishop of Burgos.

Archbishop of Tarragona

Archbishop of Cologne.

Nationality

Commendatory Grand Prior of the Sovereign Order of Malta in Rome.

Louis Billot

Michele Lega. . j I

Francis Aidan Gasquet Nicolo Marini. . : Oreste Giorgi Th-odore Valfre di Uonzo

Prefect of the Holy Congre-"! gatiim . . . '. .J

August, Sili

Chamberlain of the Church

Hungarian Austrian. German. Italian

French Italian

French Polish

German. Spanish.

Spanish. German. American Spanish.

German

Italian

French

I talian

English Italian

Year of Birth

1852 1864 1845 1855 1852

1858

1860 1856 1842 1856

18D7

1F63 1872 1859 1863 18i - ,9 1S50 1843

1850 1869 1865 1864

186S

1871

1S46

1860

1846 1843 1856 1853 1S46

Year of Crea- tion

1914 1914 1915 1915 1915

1915

1916 1916 1916 1916

1916

1910 1916 1916 1919 1019 1910 1919

1921 1021 1921 1921

1921

1921

1911

1914

l'U-4 1016

1916 1919 1919

Though primarily belonging to the local Roman Church, the Cardinals, drawn from every nation of Christendom, are now regarded as Princes of the Church at large. Originally they were simply the parish rectors of Rome, or the deacons of Roman deaconries. In 1586 their number was finally settled by Sixtus V. at seventy. The Cardinals compose the Popo's Senate or Council and the various Sacred Congregations, govern the Church while the Apostolic See is vacant, and elect the deceased Pontiff's successor. They received the distinction of the red hat under Innocent IV., during the first General Council of Lyons, in 1246 ; and the title of Eminence from Urban VIII., in 1630.

The central administration of the Roman Catholic Church is carried on by a number of permanent committees called Sacred Congregations, composed of Cardinals, with Consultors and Officials. There are now eleven Sacred