Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/1167

 JUSTICE AND CRIME — FINANCE — DEFENCE 1115

Furthermore, there were in 1910 the following training school* :— Four public Reboots for tr.i i •. architecture, ami ininiug (J years one trading

th 111 teachers and ne private trade school f3 years'


 * ■.'. one 3 ream" commercial

school with 1 t 2 years' navigation course with 6 pupils ; two training so boafa

for physicians ('.' years' course) with 47 teachers and S-.'l puj ils ; a training school to: jurists (6 years' course) with 9 teachers and 64 pupils ; a training school for civil-aerviee officers, a training school for police officers, 9 training schools for native offloiaL. (7 yeans' course) with 80 teachers and 988 pnpils; 6 training schools for European teachers (2 and 8 years' coarse) with 138 pupils, an>i 18 private schools with

native teachers there are the following schools with instruction in the Dutch language : 8 (1 for girls) public training schools (6 years' course), and two higher train- ing schools (3 rears" course) with 816 pupils (76 girls); with instruction in the native tongue; 16 (4 for -'iris) normal schools (4 years' course, 1.007 pupils, 135 l>eiug tfirls), 17 normal classes (2 years' course, 688 puiils), and 30 classes (2 years' coarse) for native teachers for Desa-schoois. Besides there are 3 private training schools with the Dutch language (0 years' course, -<'v4 pupils), and 17 with a native tongue (4 years' course, 776 pnpils).

ForChinese teaches* there is a school with instruction in the Dutch language (68 pupils).

Justice and Crime.

The administration of justice for Europeans is entrusted to Eurc}>ean judges, while for natives their own chiefs have a large share in the trial of cases. There is a High Court of Justice at Batavia — courts of justice at Batavia, Samarang, Soerabaya, Padang, Medan and Makassar — Resident couits and police courts for Europeans; native courts, police courts, Regent courts, district courts, and courts of priests for nati

Finance.

The local revenue is derived from land, taxes on houses and estates, from licences, customs duties, poll and income- taxes, and a number of indirect
 * from the Government monopolies of salt, pawnshops, and opium, rail-

ways, and from the sale of Government products.

Revenue and expenditure : —

fe*r Revenue Expenditure Surplus or Deflcit

Guilders Guilders

636,650,330 - 157,2JS102

718,561,512 - 192,633,770

760,239,373 - 61,443,217

The sources of revenue in 1921 are stated as follows (in guilders) : Receipts in the Netherlands from sales of cinchona, 943,400 ; railways,

280,000 ; share of the State in the profits of the Biliton Company, 5,000,000 ;

various, 23,870,770. Receipts in India from sales of opium 44,035,000 ;

import, export, and excise duties, 107,095,000 ; land revenues, 24,277,500 ;

sales of salt, 17,896,280; forests, 22,877,600; railways, 80,640,000; coal,

28,887,500 ; income-tax, 44,000,000 ; from all other sources, 3 18, 998, 106. Public debt on December 31, 1919, was 426,508,102 guilders.

Defence.

Tli>- Dutch forces in the East Indies constitute a colonial army which is entirely separate from the home army. The colonial army consists of about one-quarter Europeans to three-quarters Natives, and comprises 81 battalions and 4 depot battalions of infantry, 4 machine-gun companies, 2 companies of cyclist-soldiers, C squadrons, 1 depot squadron of cavalry, 9 field batteries, 3 mountain batteries, 2 howitzer batteries, 8 motor batteries, 6 fortress and

Guilders

1919

479,422,:

1920

525,923,042

1921

718,796,156