Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1921.djvu/1049

 DEFENCE — PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY 997

The public debt of Hungary on December 31, 1920, was given at 54,453,041,000 kronen, of which 8, 287,835,000 kroDen are pre-war debt. 32,631,056,000 kronen debt incurred during the war, and 13,534,150,000 kronen incurred since the armistice.

Defence.

The organisation of the military forces of Hungary after the war has been ad interim pending the ratification of the Treaty of Peace, which had not taken place in May, 1920. At that time the armed forces of the country consisted of the National Armv, the Gendarmerie and the Police.

The National Army consisted of 3 divisions, each composed of 3 infantry regiments and an artillery detachment. The average strength of a division was 6,350 men of all ranks. The country » Danube was divided

into the 3 military districts of Szekesfeherrar, Szombathely and Kaposvar, in each of which one division was quartered. There was also at Szeged a group of about 3,900 men and a cavalry brigade of about 2,100. The total strength of the National Army was about 25,064, exclusive of staffs, train- ing establishments, &c, which amounted to about 2,000 of all ranks.

The strength of the Gendarmerie was : — In Budapest, 200 ; outside Budapest, 5,378. The reserves of the Gendarmerie outside Budapest amounted to 16,760.

The strength of the Police was in Budapest, 3,500 ; outside Budapest, 1 ,914. The reserves of the Police in Budapest amounted to 5,000 men.

Production and Industry.

The cultivation of the soil is the chief industry of Hungary, since (if we include the forests) it furnishes employment to 64 5 per cent, of the population. According to the census of 1910, 13,232,286 persons are sup- ported by agriculture properly so-called ; 14,101 persons by dairv work, sheep breeding, and poultry ; 49,032 persons by market gardening and horticulture ; 159,997 by forestry, the chase, and charcoal-burning, and 10,237 by other agricultural occupations.

The total area of all the holdings in 1915 was 32,490,333 hectares (81,225,833 acres).

The estimated production of crops in the former Kingdom of Hungarv in 1915 is as follows :— Wheat, 81,111,000 cwts.; rye, 22,735,000 c barley, 28,790,000 cwts. : oats, 22,891,000 cwts. ; and maize, 92,835,000

In 191a the tobacco crop grown on 87,507 aeies yielded 342,168 metric quintals. The wine production in 1915 was 7*5, 490, 106 gallons. The su^ar yield in 1916-17 was 2,120,000 metric- cwts, the beet yield being 14,960,000 metric cwts. Hops in 1915 grown on 7,062 acres produced 4,667,000 pounds ; in 1914. the quantity was 5,333,000 pounds.

In the former Kingdom of Hungary there were in 1917 1,435,894 horses, 969 mules, 14,708 a?ses, 5,934,333 cattle, 5,123,271 sheep, 5,644,025 pigs, and 251,236 goats. In silk culture 48,457 families were engaged in 1915, compared with 1,059 in 1879. The produce of cocoons (1915) was 6,180 metric tons, the value being 1,255,633 kronen.

The total area under forest in the former Kingdom of Hungary (1915) was 9,596,665 acres, of which 1.357,438 acres are in present day Hungarv.

Of the total production of coal in Old Hungary in 1913. amounting to 10,274,051 tons, 5,906,907 tons were produced in New Hungary. Of the