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 950 GERMANY :— MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN

schools (1,981 pupils) ; for girls there are 1 public high school (711 pupils), 1 private high school, 1 private middle school (352 pupils) and 2 public middle schools (1,961 pupils). There are also 1 teachers' seminary, 1 public technical school for apprentices, 1 architectural school, 1 naval school, 1 school for engineers of steamers, 1 public commercial school, and 1 private technical school for women.

Liibeck contains an Amtsgericht and a Landgericht, whence the appeal lies to the ' Hanseatisches Oberlandesgericht ' at Hamburg.

For 1920 the revenue and expenditure balanced at 3,957, Bill. About one-third of the revenue is derived from public domains, chiefly forests and industrial- establishments ; and over one-third from direct taxation. The public debt amounted to 9,710,006?. in 1920.

References.

Annual publications of the Statistisclics Amt and the Handelskammer. King (Wilson), Three |Free Cities: Being the Chronicles of Hamburg, Bremen, and Liibeck. London, 1914.

MECKLENBURG-SCHWERIN.

(Freistaat Mecklenborg-Schwerin).

Until November, 1918, Mecklenburg was a Grand Duchy. The Grand- ducal house of Mecklenburg was the only reigning family in Western Europe of Slavonic origin, and claimed to be the oldest sovereign house in the Western world. In their full title, the Grand-dukes styled themselves Princes of the Wends. Their genealogical table begins with Niklot, who died 1160, and comprises 26 generations. The title of Grand-duke was assumed in 1815. .In November, 1918, Mecklenburg was proclaimed a Republic. The Constitution, which bears date March 17, 1920, provides for a Landtag consisting of 55 members. The Landtag elected on March 13, 1921, is made up as follows: — Majority Socialists, 22 ; German National Party, 12 ; German People's Party, 10 ; Communists, 3 ; Village Union, 3 ; Economic Party, 2 ; Democrats, 2 ; and Independent Socialist, 1.

Area, 5,068 sq. miles; population (1919), 658,943 (318,184 males and 340,759 females). The chief towns (1919) were Rostock (67,953 inhabitants), Schwerin (43,452 inhabitants), the capital, Wismar (24,911 inhabitants), Gustrow (17,884 inhabitants), and Parchim (10,350 inhabitants).

In 1910 there were : Protestants, 615,512 ; Catholics, 21,043 ; other Christians, 1,288 ; Jews, 1,413 ; not stated. 702. The parishes are generally well endowed with landed property.

There were 1,235 elementary schools with 92,912 pupils (1911) ; Gymnasia, 7 with 1,819 pupils ; Realgymnasien, 6 with 1,492 pupils ; Realprogymnasien, 2 with 167 pupils ; Realschulen, 5 with 1,254 pupils ; 6 preparatory schools with 618 pupils ; higher private schools, 18 with 2,154 pupils ; normal schools, 2 with 398 pupils ; navigation schools, 2 with 129 pupils ; agricul- tural school, 1 with 55 pupils ; technical schools, 2 with 196 pupils in the summer session and with 303 pupils in the winter session ; institutions for the deaf and dumb, 1 with 54 pupils ; institution for the blind, 1 with 90 pupils; schools for artisans, 50 with 5,843 pupils. There is a university at Rostock (see Germany).

There are 43 Amtsgerichte, 3 Landgerichte, and 1 Oberlandesgericht at Rostock, which is also the supreme court for Mecklenburg-Strelitz.