Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/815

 COMMERCE

693

Both the forests and mines of Brazil are of vahie, but little has been done to make use ot them. The mines, with certain reservations, belong to the proprietors of the soil. Coal deposits exist in Rio Grande do Snl, Santa Catharina, Parana, and Sao Paulo, much of the coal being of inferior quality. Gold is found ; amount produced in 1910 was valued at 394,575*^., in 19il (nine months), 353,80-lZ. Diamond districts are Diamantine, Gras Mogul, Chapada Diamantina, Bagagem, Goyaz, Matto Grosso, and other States. Petroleum also exists in workable quantities. Manganese ores are worked in Rio de Janeiro and Minas Geraes. The greater part of the world's supply of monazite comes from Brazil. Other mineral exports are mica and talc, copper ore, platinum, rock crystal, agate, but all of these are found in small quantities. In Brazil in 1910 there were 194 cotton mills. There were in use 761,816 spindles, and 27,958 looms, steam power 24,064 horse power, and Avater, 8,168 horse power. The consumption of cotton was 84,607 tons (metric). There are important woollen factories for cloths, flannels, rugs, felts, &c., at Rio de Janeiro, Nictheroy, Maranhao, Porto Alegre, and Rio Grande do Sul. There are 2 silk mills at Petropolis near Rio. In Rio de Janeiro flour milling is important, wheat being imported chiefly from the Argentine and Uruguayan Republics, but the imports of wheat flour are very large, mostly from the Argentine Republic. Brewing, being protected, is prosperous. Altogether there are 3,258 manufacturing establishments in Brazil, with a capital of 665,676,000 milreis, an annual output of 741,536,000 milreis, and 151,841 employees. Efforts are being made to establish a fishing industry.

In the southern States of Brazil there are prosperous German, Russian, and Italian colonies. In Rio Grande do Sul there are about 200,000 Germans; in Parana, 180,000, and in Santa Catharina, 85,000.

Commerce.

Imports ami exports (excluding specie) conversions at current rates varying from 11^'- to 16c?. per milrei (paper): —

—

190S

£ 35,491,410 44,155,280

lOO'i liilO

]'.HI

1012

Imports Exports

£ £ 37,130,354 47,871,074 63,724,140 63,901,547

£ 52,044,810 66, 83 s, s 20

£ 63,373.071 74,647, St'.r.

Princi]ial exports in 1912 and 1911 were (metric ton = 2,204*6 lbs.) :

Quantities

Quantities

Value

1011

1912

1011

Coflee (Sacks)

11,257,802

12,080,303

£ 40,401,206

Rubber (Metric tons).

3«,547

42,280

15,057,015

Tobacco

18,489

24,705

965,375

Sugar

36,208

4,726

40s,o0

Verba Mate ,.

61,834

62,880

1,983,200

Cocoa ,,

34,904

. 30,468

1,641,381

Cotton

16,647

16,773

078,008 1

Leather

31,932

36,255

1,798,781

Hidps

2,798

3,189

647,604

Value 1012

£

46,558,070

16,095,025

1,434,371

56,052

2,102,568

1,529,842

1,037,395

2,011,820

758,167