Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/657

 FINANCE, DEFENCE — PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY 535

of rent on real estate to the yearly value of 10 dollars, by owning a freehold and living on it for a year, by holding an elective office for a year, and in other ways. Parents, grandparents, children -and grandchildren of a pauper are liable for his support. Almshouses are subject to inspection by the State Board of Charities.

Finance, Defence. — For the year ending November 30, 1912, the receipts, payments, and balances were : —

Dollars Balance, December 1, 1911. . . 12,923,371 Receipts, 1912 32,374,890

Total .... 45,298,261 Expenditure, 1912 35,516,410

Balance, December, 1, 1912 .... 9,781,851

On September 1, 1911, the outstanding bonds of the State amounted to 666,910 dollars. Sinking fund, 785,421 dollars. The value of real property amounted to 4,172,955,443 dollars ; the taxable value of personal and cor- porate property amounted to 6,511,485,670 dollars. In point of wealth, as in population, Pennsylvania stands next to New York.

The militia or National Guard consists of cavalry, artillery, and infantry, and on July 1, 1912, had a total strength of 746 officers and 10,061 men. The naval militia contains 8 officers and 228 men.

Production and Industry.— Agriculture, market gardening, fruit growing, horticulture and forestry are pursued within the State. In 1910 tho farm area was 18,586,000 acres, of which 12,673,000 acres was improved land. In 1912 the vield of wheat was 23,320,000 bushels ; oats, 36,377,000 bushels ; tobacco, 64,090,000 pounds; mdze, 61,582,000 bushels ; rye, 4,935,000 bushels ; of buckwheat, 7,405,000 bushels ; of barley, 192,'000 bushels ; of potatoes, 28,885,000 bushels, and of hay, 4,537,000 tons. In 1910 the farm animals in the State were: 619,000 horses, 43,000 mules, 1,140,000 milk cows, 917,000 other cattle, 1,112,000 sheep, and 931,000 swine. The wool clip amounted in 1911 to 4,225,000 pounds of wool, valued at 1,010,620 dollars.

The State has a Forestry Department which purchases and manages lands suitable for timber culture, and also maintains a school of forestry for forest wardens.

The fishery interests are under the care of the Department of Fisheries.

In the State in 1910, 172,347 workers were employed at the anthracite mines, and 176,606 at the bituminous coal mines ; the output of anthracite was 90,464,067 short tons, valued at 175,189,392 dollars, and of bituminous coal 144,754,163 short tons, valued at 146,347,858 dollars. The yield of crude petroleum was 8,248,158 barrels (of 42 gallons), valued at 10,894,074 dollars. The value of natural gas produced in the State was 18,010,796 dollars. The output of iron ore (magnetite and hematite) was 514,929 long tons, and of pig-iron 9,581,109 long tons, valued at 136,328,507 dollars. Pennsyl- vania has important quarries, cement works, and brick and tile works. The output of such undertakings, in 1911, was as follows : — Granite, value 8,147,505 dollars; slate, 3,431,351 dollars; limestone, 2,688,374 dollars ; sandstone, 3,025,267 dollars ; Portland cement, 27,024,725 barrels (19,306,349 dollars); natural rock cement, 196,331 barrels (56,777 dollars) ; and sand for moulding, &c., 2,357,021 dollars; bricks, tiles, pottery, &c.