Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/656

 534 UNITED STATES : — PENNSYLVANIA

The birth rate iii" cities (1908) was 27*3 per 1,000 of population: marriages, 54,302 ; births, 194,623 ; deaths, 112,246.

The chief religious bodies in the State are Roman Catholic, Methodist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, and Reformed bodies.

School attendance is compulsory for children 8 to 16 years of age for the full school term, but the district school board may reduce this to 70 per cent, of the term. In the year 1910 the 34,610 public elementary schools had 35,496 teachers and 1,282,965 enrolled pupils. There were 774 public high schools with 2,775 teachers and 64,957 pupils. In 13 public Normal Schools in 1910 there were 372 teachers with 9,368 pupils. The Pennsylvania State College devotes special attention to modern industrial pursuits. In connection with the college there is an Agricultural Experiment Station which receives from the United States Government an appropriation of 15,000 dollars a year.

The more important universities and colleges (1910) for men (or both sexes) within the State are as follows : —

Begun ! Institutions.

1740 Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (non-sect.). ,

1859 Pennsylvania State. Coll. (State)

1837 Philadelphia City Central High School (City).

1860 Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem (non-sect.). . . . ! 1840 Bucknell Univ., Lewishurg (Bapt.). . ..

1884 Grove Citv Coll. (non-sect.) I

1860 Lebanon Valley Coll., Annville(U.B.). . .\

1878 Holy Ghost Coll., Pittsburg (R.C.). . . .1

17S3 Dickinson Coll., Carlisle (M.E.). . . .j

1832 Lafayette Coll., Easton(Presb.). . . . 1

1832 Pennsylvania Coll., Gettysburg (Luth.). . . !

1833 Haverford Coll. (Friends) !

1830 Franklin and Marshall Coll., Lancaster (Rpf.).

1854 i Lincoln Univ. (Presb.)

1815 : Allegheny Coll., Meadville (M.E.) ....

1852 We.stniinster Coll., New Wilmington (U. Presb.)

1884 Temple Coll., Philadelphia (non-sect.)

1858 Susquehanna Univ., Selinsgrove (Luth.). . . ,

1869 Swarthmore Coll. (Friends) '

1802 Washington and Jefferson Coll. (Presb.). . . i

Professors

Students

454

4,126

1.37

1,209

87

2,231

07

090

35

775

20

008

16

262

31

405

32

588

43

445

19

313

20

160

27

435

15

198

25

426

24

294

158

1,.548

25

279

41

388

29

388

Charity. — There are two State Penitentiaries, the eastern and smaller located at Philadelphia, containing on August 1, 1911, 1,356 prisoners ; the Western Penitentiary is at Allegheny. A large tract of land in the centre of the State has been purchased whereon will be erected a penitentiary along the latest and best ideas in penology. The cost will approximate 1,250,000 dollars. The Industrial Reformatory, Huntingdon, on the same date had 991 inmates, exclusive of those on parole, and the Reform School, Morganza, had 438 inmates. Within the State there are (exclusive of almshouses, asylums for the insane, &c.) 409 bene- volent institutions, 27 of which are public (i.e. belong to Federal or State or municipal authorities), the rest having been provided by private or eccle- siastical charity. They comprise 145 hospitals, 94 orphanages, 129 homes for adults and children, and 8 institutions for the deaf and blind, besides dispensaries and day nurseries. In counties not maintaining an almshouse, the care of the poor devolves on elected overseers, who may contract with authorities in an adjoining county having a poorhouse for the support of their poor. County almshouses are under elected directors of the poor, subject to the approval of the county court of quarter sessions. The cost of relieving a pauper is borne by the district where he has a settlement or (if he has none) by the county in which he is relieved. Settlement is gained by payment