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valued at 1,228,835 dollars, while the value of the natural gas sold was 1,192,418 dollars. The output of sandstone and limestone was valued at 4,413,655 dollars. The production of Portland cement (1911) was 7,407,830 barrels, valued at 5,937,241 dollars ; of natural rock cement, 315,823 barrels, valued at 115,471 dollars. Tlie clay-working industries are important, yielding bricks, tiles, pipes, pottery, &c., to the value of 7,000,771 dollars in 1911. Mineral springs in the State yielded (1911) water to the value of 653,641 dollars. The total mineral output was valued at 37,430,187 dollars in 1911.

The manufacturing industries in the State are extensive and various numbering (1909 Census) 7,969 in all, employing 218,263 persons (including proprietors, clerks, and wage-earners), using materials woith 334,375,000 dollars, and turning out products valued at 579,075,000 dollars. Some of the most important industries with their invested capital, their wage-earners, and their out-put (1909 Census) are given as follows : —

Industries

Wage-earners

Capital

Output

Number

Dollars

Dollars

Agricultural implements

4,749

23,008,000

13,670,0(X)

Automobiles, including bodies and

parts

6,797

16,722,000

23,764,000

Bread and other bakery products.

2,505

6,044,000

10,209,000

Brick and tile

3,788

7,455,000

4,719,000

Canning and preserving.

3,406

5,572,000

8,758,000

Carriages and wagons and materials

8,867

29,110,000

21,655,000

Clothing, men's, including shirts.

4,073

4,617,000

8,029,000

Copper, tin, and sheet-iron products

2,121

6,814,000

5,763,000

Electrical luachinery, apparatus, &

supplies

3,073

6,857,000

7,718,000

Flour-mill and grist-mill products.

2,298

15,657,000

40,541,000

Foundry and machine-shop i»roducts

15,809

39,711,000

39,884,000

Fui'niture and refrigerators

11,284

16,537,000

18,456,000

Glass

9,544

13,149,000

11,593,000

Iron and steel, steel works and

rolling mills

12,255

47,781,000

38,652,000

Lumber and timber products.

10,317

19,177,000

23,135,000

Printing and publishing.

0,75ti

11,844,000

14,356,000

Slaughtering and meat packing

4,423

8,058.000

47,289,000

Indianapolis is an important centre of the live stock traffic.

Natural facilities for transport are provided by the Ohio and Wabash rivers and by Lake Michigan, while for traffic by land there are 7,400 miles of steam railway, besides 2,320 miles of electric railway. All the lines from the east to Chicago pass through Indiana, as do other lines connecting east and west, and north and south.

Books of Reference.

The Reports of the various Executive Departments of the State.

Census of Manufactures, Indiana, 1909. U.S. Census Bulletin, Washington, 1909.

Dunn (J. F )> Indiana. [In American Commonwealth Series.] Boston, Mass.