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 852 THE BRITISH EMPIKE : — NEW ZEALAND

Chalmers (J.), Pioneer Life and Work in New Guinea, 1877-1894. London, 1895.

Oriviahaw (B.), The New New Guinea. London, 1911.

IIaddon{T>r.), Head Hunters— Black, White, and Brown. Cambridge, 1902.

Krieger('Ma.x)and others, New Guinea. 6 vols. Berlin, 1899.

ZiMirff, Picturesque New Guinea.

Macgregor (Sir W.), Report of Journey across New Guinea. London, 1896. — Britibli New Guinea. London, 1897.

Mackay (K.), Across Papua.

Moresby (Capt. J.), New Guinea and Polynesia. London, 1876.

Murray (J. H. P.), Pajiua, or British New Guinea. London, 1912.

Pratt (A. E.), Two Years among New Guinea Cannibals. London, 1906.

Romilly (H. H.), From my Verandah in New Guinea. London, 1889.

Seligman, The Melanesians of British New Guinea.

Williamson (B.. W.), The Mafulu Mountain People of British New Guinea. London, 1912.

NEW ZEALAND. Government and Constitution.

By Order in Council of September 9, 1907, and by Proclamation, the designation of the Colony of New Zealand was changed to the Dominion of New Zealand (officially established as a Colony in 1840), on and from September 26, 1907. The present form of government was estab- lished by Statute 15 & 16 Vict., cap. 72, passed in 1852. The Colony was divided into six provinces, afterwards increased to nine. By a subsequent Act of the Colonial Legislature, 39 Vict., No. xxi., passed in 1875, the provincial system of government was abolished, and the powers previously exercised by superintendents and provincial officers were ordered to be exercised by the Governor or by local boards. The legislative power is vested in the Governor and a * General Assembly ' consisting of two Chambers — a Legislative Council and a House of Representatives. The Governor has the power of assenting to or withholding consent from bills, or he may reserve them for His Majesty's pleasure. He summons, prorogues, and dissolves the Parliament. He can send drafts of bills to either House for consideration, but in case of appropriations of public money must first recommend the House of Representatives to make provision accordingly before any appropriations can become law. He can return bills for amendment to either House.

The Legislative Council consists (September, 1912) of thirty-nine members, who are paid at the rate of 200 Z. per annum. Those appointed before September 17, 1891, are life members, but those appointed alter that date hold their seats for seven years only, though they are eligible for reappointment. The House of Representatives consists of eighty members, including four Maoris, elected by the people for three years. They are paid at the rate of 300/, per annum. Every man registered as an elector is eligible as a member of the House of Representatives. Women cannot be members of either branch of the Legislature. For European repre- sentation every adult person (of either sex), if resident one year in the Dominion and" three moiiths in one electoral district, can be registered an elector. No person may be registered on more than one electoral roll. Every adult Maori resident in any of the four Maori electoral districts can vote, provided he (or she) be not registered on any European roll. Registration is not required in Native districts.

At the general election in 1911 there were 590,042 (321,033 men and 269,009 women) electors on the rolls, who returned 76 _ Eiuopean members to the House of Representatives ; for the four Maori members