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 194 Trife ^RtTiSa EMPIRE: — RHODESIA

There is a tax, of 1^., on each hut, yielding about 30,000/. Licences for the sale of spirits are granted only at certain railway stations.

Cattle-rearing and agriculture (production of mealies and Kafir corn) are the chief industries. Cattle numbered on the 7th of May, 1911, 323,900 head, sheep and goats, 358,000. During the year 1911-12 nearly 15,000 head of cattle were exported for slaughter, the majority going to the Johannesburg market. The police force consists of 63 Europeans and 123 Basutos. Education is provided, with Government assistance, in the London Missionary Society and the Dutch Reformed Church schools. There are schools for Europeans subsidised by the Government at Francis- town, Serowe and Uagalapye. Government grant for education 1911-12, 1,169Z. Revenue, 1911-12, 59,305/. (mainly hut tax, 34,365/., and customs, 13,287/.) ; expenditure, 65,936/. (mainly police, 34,748/.) ; grant-in-aid, 1911-12, 10,000/. There is no public debt. The Protectorate was within the South African Customs Union, and when the Union of South Africa was completed, an agreement Avas made with the Union Government under which duty on all dutiable articles imported into the Protectorate is collected by the Union Customs Department and paid into the Union Treasury, a lump sum representiug a certain portion of the Annual Customs Revenue of the Union being paid over to the Protectorate. Under this arrangement figures relating to imports and exports are no longer available.

The telegraph from the Cape of Good Hope to Rhodesia passes through the Protectorate and is owned by the British South Africa Company. Similarly the railway extending northwards from the Cape of Good Hope traverses the Protectorate. It is the property of the Rhodesia Railways, Limited. In the Protectorate are 16 post offices; receipts, in 1911-12, 5,073/.; expen- diture, 2,631/.

The currency is British money. There is no bank in the Protectorate.

Resident Commissioner. — Lt.-Col. F. W. Panzera, C.M.G. Government Secretary. — James C. Macgregor.

References.

Annual Report on the Protectorate. London.

Reports by and Instructions to Major-General Sir Charles Warren, K.C.M.G., a Special Commissioner to Bechuanaland, 1884-86. Correspondence and Further Corre- spondence respecting Bechuanaland, 1887-98. London.

Hepburn (J. D ), Twenty Years in Khania's Country. London, 1895.

Johnston (Sir Harry), The Colonisation of Africa. Cambridge, 1899.

Lloyd (E.), Three African Chiefs, London, 1895.

Mackenzie (W. D.), Life of John Mackenzie, South African Missionary and Statesman. London, 1902.

Mac2Vab (Frances), on Veldt and Farm, 2nd ed. London, 1900.

Passarge (Fr.), Die Kalahari. Berlin 1904.

Rhodesia.

Under the title of Rhodesia is included the whole of the region extending from the Transvaal Province northwards to tlie borders of the Congo State and German East Africa, bounded on the east by Portuguese East Africa, Nyasalaud; and German East Africa, and on the west by the Congo State, Portuguese West Africa, and Bechuanaland. The whole territory is under the administration of 'the British South Africa Company, which holds a Royal Charter dated October 29, 1889. The region south of the Zambezi is called Southern Rhodesia, that north of the Zambezi, formerly (livided into two parts, called, respectively Barotseland or North-Western Rhodesia, and North-Eastern Rhodesia, is now one territory known as Northern Rhodesia.

The administrative system of the Company in Southern Rhodesia,