Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/1462

 1340 TURKEY AND TRIBUTARY STATES : — EGYPT 1

Diplomatic and Consular Representatives.

Cairo. — His Majesty's Agent and Consnl- General in Egypt, Minister Plenipotentiary. — Field-Marshal Viscount Kitchener of Khartoum, K. P. ,, O.C.B., O.M., G.C.S.I., G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E.

Councillor. —U. Cheetham, C.M.G.

Secretaries. — Lord Colum Crichton- Stuart, R. H, Greg (Actg. ), and AV. F. Rattigan.

Consul at Cairo. — A. D. Alban.

Consul- General at Alexandria. — D. A. Cameron, C.M.G.

There are also Consular representatives at Mausura, Tanta, Zagazig, Birket-es-Sab, and Port Said.

ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN.

Government.

The rule of Egypt in the Sudan, after having gradually extended during the course of 60 years, was interrupted in 1882 by the revolt of the Mahdi, who, with his successor, the Khalifa, held the country for about sixteen years under a desolating tyranny. In 1896 the Anglo-Egyptian army com- menced operations for the recovery of the lost provinces, and on September 2, 1898, the overthrow of the Khalifa was completed. In November, 1899, he was overtaken by the Egyptian forces near Gedid, where he was slain in battle, and his remaining followers taken prisoners,

A convention between the British and Egyptian Governments, signed at Cairo, January 19, 1899, provides for the administration of the territory south of the 22nd parallel of latitude by a Governor-General, appointed by Egypt with the assent of Great Britain, and declares the general principles in accordance with which the administration shall be carried on. The British and Egyptian flags shall be used together ; laws shall be made by proclama- tion ; no duties shall be levied on imports from Egypt, and duties on imports from other countries, via the Red Sea, shall not exceed those levied in Egypt ; the import and export of slaves is prohibited, and special attention shall be paid to the Brussels Act of 1890 respecting the import and export of arms, ammunition, and spirits.

The Sudan has been divided into thirteen Provinces. The Governors of provinces are British Officers of the Egyptian Army employed under the Sudan Government or Britisli civil officials of the Government. Adminis- tration is carried out through British Inspectors in charge of one or more districts into which the ])rovinces are subdivided, tliese units being sujjcr- vised by District officials who are in most cases Egyptian officers lent from the Egyntian Army.

In 1910 a Governor-General's Council was created to assist the Governor- General in the discharge of his executive and legislative powers. All ordinances, laws and regulations are now made by the Governor-General in Council.

Darfur, to the west of Kordofan, is within the limits of the Anglo- Egyptian Sudan and pays tribute, but the management of its internal atlaira is left almost entirely to its hereditary Sultan.

The Enclave of Lado, which was continued in the occu})ation of H.M.I King Leopold II, King of the Belgians, during his reign, by the Agreement! signed at Brussels on May 12, 1906, reverted to the Anglo- Egyptijvn Sudan ' p?} his death, and has been included in the Mongalla province.