Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/1364

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SERVIA

latter resemble our yeomanry, and are not embodied in time of reace. Tn war, the field army, consisting of 5 divisions, a cavalry division of 4 regiments and 2 horse batteries, one regiment of mountain artillery, and one of howitzers, would amount to about 110,000 combatants. If the reserve troops of the Second 'Ban' are fit to take the field, they would raise the total strength to about 175,000. The reservists of the First and Second ' Bans ' not required to form first line and reserve troops, and therefore available to make good losses in the field, would amount to some 95,000 men.

The units of the Second ' Ban ' exist in peace as cadres only. In war it will provide 15 regiments, each of 3 battalions, 5 regiments of divisional cavalry, and some engineers. The Third * Ban ' has at present no organisa- tion, but it is hoped that if necessary, 15 regiments, and a few squadrons, may be formed for home defence.

The Servian infantry is armed with the Mauser rifle, model 99, calibre 7 mm. The field gun is a quick firer on the Schneider-Canet system.

The peace strength of the Servian army, according to the Budget of 1911, amounts to 361,747 all ranks.

The military budget for 1912 amounted to 30,116,312 dinars (about 1,204,652Z), of which 1,541,960 dinars (about 61,6780 is for the Gendarmerie and Frontier Guards,

At Nish a series of forts is being built ; some are ready to r3ceive their armament. At Zayechar, near the Bulgarian frontier, are 5 forts, and Pirot is also provided with works.

Production and Industry.

Servia is an agricultural country, where almost every peasant cultivates his own freehold. The holdings vary in size from 10 to 30 acres mostly. Of the total area (11,930,740 acres), 4,607,520 acres were cultivated in 1904, and 3,818,620 acres were under woods and forests. The area and produce of the principal crops for 3 years was as follows : —

Area in acr(


 * s

Produce in cwts.

Crops

1909

1910

952,835 265,913 267,049 124,765 1,439,578 7,4-JO

1911

954,571 254,593 258,789 123,218 1,442,638 11,263

1909

1910 1911

Wheal

Barley .... Oat.s .... Rye ... . Maize .... Beetroot sugar

933,799 281,350

267,778

12 2,853

1,445,.306

7,077

8,636,679 2,705,231 1,659,492 876.859 17,222,015 1,471,600

6,846,761 8,200,442 1,726,250 1,974,650 1,237,979 1,442,536 680,796 855,199 14,546,359 13,261,866 1,249,180 ■ 1.804,540

Plum marmalade and also fresh plums are exported in large quantities, spirits are distilled in large quantities from plums, and various fruits are grown. Silk culture employs a large number of persons (31,522 in 1910) and the export of cocoons was (in 1910) valued at 35,224Z,

There is a school of agriculture at Kralyevo and one of wine-culture at Negotin.

On December 31, 1910, there were in Servia 152,617 horses ; 957,918 head of cattle; 3,808,815 sheep ; 863,544 pigs; and 627,427 goats.