Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/1207

 RELIGION — INSTRUCTION — JUSTICE AND CRIME 1085 The population of the four principal towns of Java was : —

1005 1 Europeans Natives. Chinese. ■ Ai-abs.

Batavia. . i 8,777 99,320 \ 28,150 2,058

Other ^, ,

Orientals. Total.

246 138,551

Samarang. . 5,162 76,413 13,636 698 787 96,600

Soerabaya. . 8,063 124,473 14,843 2,482 1 337 150,198 Soerakarta. 1,572 109,524 6,532 337 413 118,378

i No later statistics are given.

The whole population of Java is legally divided into Europeans and persons assimilated with them, and natives and persons assimilated with these. The former are generally living under the same laws as the inhabi- tants of the mother-country, while in the jurisdiction of the latter the Indian customs and institutions are considered. The Governor-General, however, is, in agreement with the Council, authorised to make individual exceptions to this rule.

Religion.

Entire liberty is granted to all religious confessions. The Reformed Church counted in 1911, 41 ministers and 26 assistants, the Roman Catholic 23 curates and 13 priests, not salaried out of the public funds. The number of Christians among the natives and foreign Orientals was : —

In Java and Madura in 1873. 5,673, and in 1905 .±26,000 ,, the Outposts ,, ,, .148,672 ,, ,, .±434,000

In 1910, about 250 missionaries of various societies were at Mork.

Instruction.

For the education of Europeans and persons assimilated with them there were in 1910 10 public middle class schools, with 2,537 pupils and 208 teachers. The cost to the Government in 1910 was 1,155, 912 guilders.

In 1910 there were for Europeans 178 mixed public elementary schools, and 30 for girls only, with 34 private schools, a total of 242. The 208 public schools had a teaching staff of 832, and an attendance of 24,514 pupils (6,988 natives), and the 34 private schools a teaching staff of 221, and an attendance of 5,001 pupils. The cost of the public elementary schools was, in 1910, 3,202,700 guilders. There are two normal schools for Europeans.

The following statement relates to schools for natives : —

In 1910 Dutch India had 6 normal schools, with 42 teachers and 538 pupils. The elementary schools for natives were, for Java and Madura, in 1910, 613 Government schools with 126,550 pupils, and 549 private schools with 58,668 pupils. In the Outposts in 1909, 395 Government schools with 64,231 pupils, and 1,436 private schools with 83,871 pupils. Besides, there were 7 schools for sons of native chiefs with 541 pupils, and 3 trades-schools with 277 pupils.

In 1910 the Government spent 5,393,417 guilders for the education of natives.

Justice and Crime.

The administration of justice for Europeans is entrusted to European judges, while for natives their own chiefs have a large share in the trial of cases. There is a High Court of Justice at Batavia — courts of justice at