Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1913.djvu/1161

 LUXEMBURG

1039

LUXEMBURG.

Reigning Grand-duchess.— Marie-Adelaide, born June 14, 1894;

succeeded on the death of her father, the late Grand-Duke Wilhelm, February 26, 1912. Sisters : — Princess Charlotte, born January 23, 1896 ; Princess Hilda, born February 15, 1897 ; Princess Antoinette, born October 7, 1899 ; Princess Elisabeth, born March 7, 1901 ; Princess Sophie, born February 14, 1902.

The Grand Duchy of Luxemburg was inchided from 1815 to 1866 m^ the dissolved Germanic Confederation. By the Treaty of London, 1867, it is declared neutral territory, and its integrity and independence were guaranteed.

There is a Chamber of Deputies in the Grand Duchy of 53 members, elected directly by the cantons for six years, the half renewed every three years. Luxemburg has an area of 998 square miles, and a population (Dec. 1, 1910) of 259,891 (134,101 males and 125,790 females). The population is Catholic, save 4,007 Protestants, 1,270 Jews, and 303 belonging to other sects. The chief town, Luxemburg, has 20,848 (1910) inhabitants. Esti- mated revenue and expenditure (including extraordinary for the last fn'e years) in francs : —

Revenue

Expenditure

1900

17,819,619

18,561,614

1910

1911

18,299,174 :.18.497,700

19,059,709 ! 19,920,566

1912

18,196,137 19,867,335

1913

18,201,733 19,458,064

The debt consisting of loans, mainly for the constniction of railways, was, in 1893, converted into a single loan of 12,000,000 francs at 3^ per cent. The annuities amount to 493,145 francs. The Savings Bank of the Grand Duchy, on Dec. 31, 1911, had 71,224 depositors with 61,104,712 francs to their credit (inclusive of interest). In 1910, the output of iron amounted to 1,682,519 metric tons. For commercial purposes Luxemburg is included in the German Zollverein. There were 509 miles of railway in 1911, and 436 miles of tele- graph line Avith 1,281 miles of Aviro, and 316 telegraph offices in 1910. There were also (1911) 82 telephone systems with 760 miles of line and 3,613 miles of wire. In 1911 there were 124 post-oflBces, through which there passed 11,760,000 letters, 7,166,000 post-cards, and 6,596,000 samples. &c.

British Envoy and Minister. — Hon. Sir A. Johnstone, G.C.Y.O.

British Consul. — Norbert de Gallais.

Books of Reference.

Sa«defcer' 8 Belgium and Holland, including the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 15th ed. Leipzig, 1910.

Bonnardot{Y.), Les Archives de I'Etat de Luxembourg. V^ol. 41 of Publications of the History Section of the Luxemburg Institute. 1890.

Coster (J.), Geschichte der Festung Luxemburg. Luxemburg, 1869.

Eygchen, Luxemburg. In Band IV. of Marqnardsen's Handbuch des ofTentliclien Rechts.

Eltz (J. V. d.), Aus Luxemburgs Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Trier, 1891.

Passmore (T. H.), In Further Ardenne. London, 1905.

Perk (M. A.),Luxemburgiana. Bussum,1892.— Schetsen uit Luxemburg. Haarlem, 1894.

Pflips (H.), Das luxemburger Land. Aachen, 1895.