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 ALSACE-LORRAINE 899

Kramer (A.), Die Samoa Inseln. Stuttgart, 1902.

Krieger(M.), and others, Neu-Guinea. Berlin, 1899.

Kurze (G.), Samoa, Das Land, die Leute und die Mission. Berlin, 1899.

Naclirichten tiber Kaiser Wilhelm's Land und den Bismarck- Archipel. Herausgegeben von dor Neu-Guinea Kompagnie. Berlin.

Pfeil (J. Graf), Studien und Beobachtungen aus der Siidsee. Brunswick, 1S99.

Reinecke (F.), Samoa. Berlin, 1901.

Schnee (H.), Bilder aus der Siidsee (Bismarck Arcliipelago). Berlin, 1904.

Stair (J. B.), Old Samoa. London, 1897.

Stephan (E.) and Orabnev (F.), Die Kiiste von Umuddu bis Kap St. George. [Neu Mecklenburg.] Berlin, 1907.

Stevenson (R. L.), A Footnote to History. London, 1892. — Vailima Letters. London, 1895,

Turner (G.), Samoa a Hundred Tears Ago and Long Before. London, 1884.

Wegener (G.). Deutschland in der Siidsee. Bielefeld, 1903.

STATES OF GERMANY.

Statistics of area, population, births, deaths, marriages, emigration, primary schools, universities, and railways are given collectively for all the German States under the head of German Empire.

ALSACE-LORRAINE.

(Reichsland Elsass-Lothringen.)

Constitutioil. — The fundamental laAvs under which the Reichsland, or Imperial Land, of Alsace-Lorraine is governed were voted June 9, 1871, June 20, 1872, June 25, 1873, July 4, 1879, and May 31, 1911. By the law of June 9, 1871, it is enacted, 'The provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, ceded by France in the peace preliminaries of February 26, 1871, under limits definitely fixed in the Treaty of Peace of May 10, 1871, shall be for ever united with the German Empire.' The Constitution of the German Empire was introduced in Alsace-Lorraine on January 1, 1874. By the law of May 31, 1911, a Constitution Avas granted to Alsace-Lorraine, by which it received 3 votes in the Federal Council. The Emperor exercises sovereign powers in the country, and at the head of the Government is a Governor {StaUhaUer), appointed and recalled by the Emperor, who lives at Strassburg. Local laws are made by the Emperor with the consent of the Diet, which consists of two Chambers. The First Chamber is made up of five representatives of the religious communities (2 Catholic, 2 Protestants, 1 Jew), the President of the Supreme Court at Colmar ; a representative of the University of Strassburg, four representatives of the larger cities — Strassburg, Metz, Colmar and Miilhausen, a representative of the Chamber of Commerce in each of these towns, six representatives of the Agricultural Councils ; two representatives elected by tJie Chamber of Craftsmen of Strassburg, and a number of members nominated by the Emperor — this number not to be greater than the rest of the members, and at present amounts to 18, all of whom hold oiSce for 5 years. The Second Chamber, consisting of 60 members, is elected on general direct sufi'rage, by secret ballot, for a period, of 5 years.

StaUhaUer. — Count v. Wedel, appointed October 18, 1907.

Area and Population. — The Reichsland has an area of 14,522 square

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