Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/471

 Warren Hastings 1774 Sir John Macpherson 1785 Earl (Marquis) Cornwallis. 1786 Sir John Shore (Lord Teign. mouth) 1793 Marquis Wellesley 1798 Marquis Cornwallis. 1805 Sir Geo. H. Barlow. 1805 Earl of Minto. . . . 1807 Earl of Moira (Marquis of Has- tings) 1813 Earl of Amherst 1823 Lord W. C. Bentinck 1828 Lord Auckland 1836

GOVERNMENT AND CONSTITUTION 127 The following is a list of the Governors-General of India, with the dates of their assumption of office : — Lord Ellenborough. . . 1842 Sir H. (Lord) Hardinge. . 1844 Earl (Marquis) of Dalhousie. 1848 Lord Canning .... 1856 Earl of Elgin. . .1862 Sir John (Lord) Lawrence. 1864 Earl of Mayo. . . .1869 Lord (Earl of) Northl �rook. 1872 Lord (Earl) Lytton. . .1876 Marquis of Ripon. . .1880 Earl (Marquis) of Dufferiu. 1884 Marquis of Lansdowue. . 1888 Earl of Elgin .... 1894 Lord Curzon of Kedleston. 1898 Until 1834 these were Governors-General of Fort William in Bengal, not of India. The Council of the Governor-General consists at present of five ordinary members, besides the Commander-in-Chief who may be, and in practice always is, appointed an extraordinary member. The ordinary members are appointed by the Crown, and usually hold office for five years. The work of the Governor-General in Council is distributed among seven departments — Home, Foreign, Finance, Military, Public Works, Revenue and Agriculture, Legislative. At the head of each is one of the secretaries to the Govern- ment of India, and each, except the Foreign Department, which is under the immediate superintendence of the Governor-General, is assigned to the special care of one of the members of the Council. For legislative purposes the Governor-General's Council is expanded into a legislative council by the addition of sixteen additional members who are nominated by the Viceroy in accordance with the recent regulations under the Indian Councils Act, 1892. The Lieutenant-Governor is also an additional member when the Council sits within his province. This Council has power, subject to certain restrictions, to make laws for all persons within British India, for all British subjects within the Native States, and for all native Indian subjects of the Queen in any part of the world. The proceedings in the Legislative Council are public. For purposes of administration India is divided into eight great provinces, with the addition of a few minor charges. The eight gi-eat provinces are the old presidencies of Madras (Fort St. George) and Bombay, the four Lieutenant-Governorships of Bengal, the North Western Provinces (with which the Chief Commissionership of Oudh is now combined), the Punjab and Burma ; and the two Chief Conimissionerships of Assam and the Central Provinces. The minor charges are Coorg, Ajmere-Menvara, British Baluchistan, and the Andaman Islands, each under a Chief Commissioner. The Governors of Madras and Bombay are appointed by the Crown, and each of them has an executive council, consisting of two members of the Indian Civil Service, appointed by the Crown. The Lieutenant-Governors are appointed by the Governor-General, with the approval of the Crown, The Chief Commissioners are appointed by the Governor-General in Council.