Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/233

 STRIKES —ARBITRATION

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WAGE LOSS OF EMPLOYEES, ASSISTANCE TO EMPLOYEES, AND LOSS OF EMPLOYERS, JAN. 1, 1881, TO JUNE 30, 1894

Strikes Lockouts TO DATE WHEN TO DATE WHEN EM- STRIKERS WERE RE- PLOYEES LOCKED OUT EMPLOYED OR EMPI-OYKD WERE REEMPLOYED OR Year ELSEWHERE EMPLOYED ELSEWIlEItE Loss of Employers Assistance Assistance Employers Wafre Loss to Em- Wage Loss to Em- of Em- ployees by of Em- ployees by ployees Labor Or- ganizations ployees Labor Or- ganizations 18S1 $3,372,578 $287,999 $1,919,483 $18,519 $3,150 $6,960 1882 9,864,228 734,339 4,269,094 466,345 47,668 112,382 1883 6,274,480 461,233 4,696,027 1,069,212 102,253 297,097 1884 7,666,717 407,871 3,393,073 1,421,410 314,027 640,847 1885 10,663,248 465,827 4,388,893 901,173 89,488 455,477 1886 14,992,453 1,122,130 12,357,808 4,281,058 549,452 1,949,498 1SS7 16,560,534 1,121,554 6,698,495 4,233,700 155,846 2,819.736 1883 6,377,749 1,752,668 6,509,017 1,100,057 85,931 1,217.199 1889 10,409,686 592,017 2,936,752 1,379,722 115,389 307,125 1890 13,875,338 910,285 5,135,404 957,966 77,210 486,258 1891 14.801,714 1,132,557 6,177,288 883,709 50,195 616,888 1892 10,772,622 833.874 5,145.691 2,856,013 537,684 1,695,080 1893 9.938,048 563,183 3,406,195 6,659,401 364,268 1,034.420 1894 (6 months) 28,238,471 528,869 15,557,166 457,231 31,737 596,484 Total 163,807,866 10,914,406 82,590,386 26,685,516 2,524,298 12,235,451

The causes of strikes are to be found in the demands for increased wages, for reduction of hours of labor, or to prevent a reduction of hours or an increase in working time. The demands along these lines take various forms, but the causes in nearly 90 per cent of all strikes are to be found in similar demands. The Federal Arbitration Law

An act concerning carriers engaged in interstate commerce and their employees was approved June 1, 1898, and provides for the adjustment or settlement of controversies concernin<^ wages, hours of labor, or conditions of employment which shall arise between a carrier engaged in interstate commerce and its employees when such controversies seriously interrupt or threaten to interrupt the business of said carrier. The law provides for two methods of dealing with such contro- versies. Fi)'sf. — That when a controversy arises, the Chairman of the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Commissioner of