Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/1444

 1088

TURKEY AND TRIBUTARY STATES

Name

a. g.h. Feth-el- Islam a. g. b., Memdoiiiyeh bar. j Aziziyeh

I bar. j Mahmoudiyeh bar. I Osmaniyeh. bar. I Orkaniyeh. c. b. j Mesoudiyeh

c. b. bar

e. b.

e. b.

c. b.

t.

e. b. c. b.

Hamidlyeh. Abdul Kader (Unfinished) Assar-i-SheJket , Nedjim-i-Shcjket. Assar-i-Tevfik Hufzi-i-Rahman.

Avni-Illah Idjlaliyeh

c. b. Feth-i-Boulend. e. b. j Mouin-i-Zaper.

c. b. Moukadem-i-Hdir

i

Displace- ment

1864

330

1

3 1

1864

330

3 1

1 1864

6,400

5i

1864

1864

6,400 6,400

5i Si 1

1865

6,400

H

1874

8,990

12

1885

^6,700

9

8,000

14

i 1868 ! 1868

2,050 2,050

6 6

^ 1868

4,600

8

1868

2,500

5i

1

1869

2,310

6

1870

2,240

6

1870 1869

2,720 2,330

I

1872

2,680

»

Armament,

2 7in. (Armstrong). Ditto. . ..

2 11in. ; 8 5-9in. ; 6 3-9in.

(Krupp) ....

Ditto

Ditto

Ditto

12 lOin. (18-ton, Arm.,

muz.) ; 3 5'9in. (Krui)p). 10 10-2in.; 2 6-6in.(Krupp) 4llin.; 6 5-9in. (Krupp),

lOQ.F

1 9in. ; 4 7in. (Armstrong)

Ditto

8 9-4in.; 2 8-2in. (Krupp).

2 9in.; 2 7in.(Arm.); I'p'in

(Krupp).

4 9in. (Armstrong).

2 9in. ; 2 7in. (Arm.); 1

5-9in. (K.) 4 9in. (Armstrong). 4 9in. (Arm.); 1 4'7in.

(Krupp) .... Ditto

■a

290 290

8-01 8-0 I

3,740 12-0

3,740 12-0 i

3,740 il2-0!

3,740 12-0 ;

7,800 6,800

10 11,500

1,750

... 1,900

... ! 3,560

... : 200 nominal 1 2,200

1,800 1 i 4,200

2,200

1301 13

li'-s

11-8, 13-3 I

12-0 I

12-2;

11-0 I 14-0

12-5

3,000 12-5

The old sister battleships, now coast-defence vessels, Aziziyeh, Mahmoudiyeh, Orkaniyeh, and Osmaniyeh (6,400 tons), are being, or have been, transformed by having barbette turrets placed at each end of their batteries for the heavy Krupp guns (the hope being to fit them for something more than local defence). An armourclad of 6,700 tons, the Eamidiyeh, was launched at Constantinople in 1885, and is said, after long delays, to have made her trials, but it is believed that not all her guns are even now mounted. This vessel, the Mesoudiyeh, and the unfinished armoured barbette cruiser Abdul Kader, are the largest ships in the Turkish navy. The Mesoudiyeh is 332 feet long, with extreme beam of 59 feet. She is constructed on the central battery principle, resembling our own Hercules, and has on the main deck a 12-gun battery of 18-ton muzzle-loading Armstrongs, and side plating 12 inches thick at the water-line. The chief armament will be 4 11 inch guns. The Jff?mf?cw?^fZ^■Q'^^V^r is a deck-protected cruiser of 4,050 tons, intended to steam 12 knots.

For the navy of Turkey the crews are raised in the same manner as the land forces, partly by conscription, and partly by voluntary enlistment. The time of service in the navy is twelve years, five in active service, three in the reserve, and four in the Redif. The nominal strength of the navy is 6 vice- admirals, 11 rear-admirals, 208 captains, 289 commanders, 228 lieutenants, 187 ensigns, and 30,000 sailors, besides about 9,000 marines.

Production and Industry.

Land in Turkey is held under four different forms of tenure — namely, 1st, as 'Miri,' or Crown lands; 2nd, as 'Vacouf,' or pious foundations; 3rd, as 'Mulikaneh,' or Crown grants; and 4th, as 'Miilk,' or freehold