Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/1326

 970

RUSSIA

22,135 persons ; more than 250 acres, 2,823 persons. Small farmers, 70,444.

The crop of 1895 was in hectolitres :— Wheat, 51,715 ; rye, 4,667,198; barley, 2,154,015 ; oats, 6,623,900; potatoes, 6,357,312; flax, 1,619 tons ; hemp, 667 tons.

Of domestic animals Finland had: — Horses, 300,650; horned cattle, 1,409,183 ; sheep, 1,067,384 ; swine, 197,356 ; reindeer, 129,984 ; goats, 14,540 ; poultry, 400,927.

The crown forests cover 14,050,471 hectares. Their maintenance cost 628,000 francs, and the income derived from them was 2,284,000 francs. In 1895 there were 207 saw mills with water motors, and 220 steam mills, as against 117 in 1888. They give occupation to 12, 091 workers, and their aggre- gate production was 1,772,038 cubic metres of timber, as against 3,003,354 cubic metres in 1889.

The annual produce of pig-iron and iron, in metric tons, for seven years, was : —

Years

Ore

Pig-iron

Bar Iron

1889

48,693

15,060

12,227

1890

59,435

23,749

16,948

1891

58,692

23,072

19,780

1892

58,210

24,167

19,710

1893

54,771

21,355

13,996

1894

68,243

21,174

15,287

1895

67,724

23,220

17,863

Finland had in 1895, 7,197 large and small manufactures, employing an aggregate of 65,250 workers, and yielding an aggregate product (exclusive of flour mills) of 188,472,312 marks (7,538,900^.). The chief were :—

—

No. of

Establishments

No. of

Workers

Production

Marks

Iron and mechanical works

1,175

12,063

25,972,355

Textiles ....

40

7,336

25,058,523

Wood and bone industries ,

754

14,651

45,771,214

Distilleries and breweries.

154

1,823

8,675,596

Paper ....

124

4,830

18,075,166

Leather ....

765

2,714

12,384,803

Chemicals ....

253

1,685

6,191,430

Dress and dyeing

1,125

4,072

6,576,620

Graphic arts

107

1,584

3,631,551

The total number of steam engines was in 1895, 649 ; horse-power, 17,082.

Commerce,

The exterior trade of Finland appears as follows, in thousands of marks (francs) : —