Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/1277

 JUSTICE AND (.'RLMi:

1)21

Districts

Schools

Teachers

Pupils

Schools supported by

Local authori-

Imperial

Private

Treasury

ties

persons

St. Peteisbmg.

2,28:5

5,217

143,465

419

1,805

59

Moscow

G,490

10,253

481,362

346

5.922

228

Kharkhov

3,527

8,435

273,019

78

2,786

9

Kiev ....

2,.i75

6,620

' 196,312

102

2,436

37

Odessa

2,591

5,303

196,071

450

2,124

17

Ka.sau

3,346

7,278

284,260

207

3,121

18

Orenburg

1,411

3,615

102,179

265

1,112

34

Wilna.

1,(572

3.288

117,8!t4

463

1,208

1

Warsaw

3,02(3

3,729

206,973

98

2,899

29

Riga ....

2,690

4,081

136,635

77

2,601

12

Caucasus

1,125

2,772

88,643

95

1,022

S

W. Siberia.

139

438

33,279

31

106

2

E. Siberia.

200

335

10,507

10

171

19

Turkestan.

105

209

4,305

45

60

—

Amur .... Total

408

—

14,418

40S

—

—

31,594

67,582

2,289,322

3,094

27,373

473

In 1896 there were 78 training schools for teachers with 5,233 piipil.s (4,867 male and 366 female). To the support of these school.s the Imperial Treasury contributed 1,270,865 roubles; local authorities, 181,484 roubles; and private persons, 43,328 roubles.

The Press. — There were pul)lished in the Russian Empire (exclusive of Finland) in 1894 10,651 books, with an aggregate of 32,208,372 copies. Of these there were in Russian 8,082 works. 25,046,592 copies, the remainder being in different languages, the relative proportions being as follows in 1889:— in Polish 723 works, 1,836,088 copies; Hebrew 474 works, 1,132,192 copies; German 377 works, 744,380 copies; Lettish 203 works, 767,570 copies ; Esthonian 115 works, 544,410 copies.

Periodicals numbered 743 in 1892 (exclusive of Finland), in the following languages : 589 in Russian, 69 in Polish, 44 in German, 11 in Esthonian, 7 in Lettish, 9 in French, 5 in Armenian, 2 in Jewish, 3 in Georgian, 1 in Finnish, 2 in Russian, German, and Polish, 1 in Russian, German, and Lettish, 1 in Tartar and Russian, 1 in Russian and Turkish, and 1 in Russian and French. In Tiflis, there were 12 periodicals : 4 Russian (7,600 copies), 3 Georgian (1,740 copies), and 5 Armenian (3,850 copies). By the end of 1894 the number of periodicals was 802 (dailies, 112 ; several times a week, 101 ; weeklies, 223 ; fortnightly and monthly, 280 ; several times a year, 86).

Justice and Crime.

The organisation of justice was totally reformed by the law of 1864 ; but the action of that law has not yet been extended to the governments of Olonets, Vologda, Astrakhan, Ufa, and Orenburg, and has been applied but in a modified form (in 1889) to the Baltic Provinces and the government of Arkhangelsk. In the above-named governments the Jiistice of Peace has been introduced, but the other tribunals remain in the old state. No juries are allowed in Poland and the Caucasus ; the justices of peace are nominated by the Government in the provinces which have no zcmslxos.