Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/1175

 PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY

819

the statistics of 1896 there were: land under culture, 865,458; pasture, 1,182,879; gardens and orchards, 61,405; forest, 248,383. Total, 2,358,125 h.a.

Large estates prevail in the provinces of Zealand, South Holland, Groningen, and Xorth Holland ; small estates in North Brabant, Guelders, Limburg, and Overyssel.

In 1896 the number of estates was : —

5 hectares From 5 to i From 10 to aud less '. 10 hectares 20 hectares

From 20 to 40 hectares

From 40 to 75 hectares

From 75 to 100 hectares

Above 100 hectares

78,813 34,473 29,674

18,369

6,397

432

192

42 "8 per cent, of all estates being held by farmers, and 57 "2 per cent, by the owners. In 1888 the percentage was 41 '5 and 58"5.

The total number of cattle in 1896 was about 1,583,000 ; of horses, 269,000 ; of sheep, 700,000 ; and of ^ligs, 1,260,400.

The areas under the principal crops, in hectares, were as follows : —

Wheat

Rye.

"Winter barley

Summer barley

Oats.

Potatoes

Buckwheat

Beans

Peas.

Rapeseed.

Flax.

Beetroot

Tobacco

Madder

1890

1

1895

1894

62,265

61,862

64,586

' 214,917

210,077

208,275


 * 28.195

25,729

25,113

11,117

12,987

13,260

128,429

130,987

132,502

150,203

150,949

150,023

31,858

35.519

36,899

38,828

40,218

39,345

24,285

24,374

24,969

2,983

3,234

6,321

11,156

13,871

16,678

45,571

35,092

33,435

698

707

621

321

588

719

1893

Average, I Average, 1871-80 1881-90

70,804

201,993

26,767

15,137

126,350

151,970

38,099

38,914

24,161

7,354

13,529

28,379

616

792

86,421

196,112

26,667

21,034

113,627

135,310

65,135

36,814

16,493

12,690

18,530

13,904

1,676

2,295

86,237

202,069

29,478

16,485

116,292

144,330

50,729

38,310

23,016

7,661

14,685

20,330

1,234

723

The mean yield of these products was, per hectare, in hectolitres (1 hecto- litre =2 '75 bushels) : —

—

1896

1895

1894

1893

Average, 1871-80

Average, 1881-90

Wheat

28-6

24-4

22-7

24-7

22-0

23-4

Rye.

22-3

21-5

20-8

21-6

17-3

191

Winter barley.

43-7

42-8

35-7

46-8

39-0

40-4 '

Summer barley.

337

31-7

31-2

28-2

28-8

29-7 j

Oats.

42-1

41-8

40-2

34-4

38-3

38-3

Potatoes

195-0

174-0

139-0

207-8

136-0

154-0

, Buckwheat

13-6

17-5

15-5

14-3

17-4

14-3

Beans

23-4

23-9

20-5

25-9

21-7

22-7

j Peas.

27-7

24-4

18-1

25-7

20-5

21-5

Rapeseed.

27-2

19-5

22-0

26-7

21-3

23-5

Flax (kilo.).

480-0

508-0

471-0

377-0

476-0

490-0

1 Beetroot ,,

38,237-0

29,281-0

•22,037-0

26,715-0

26,260-0

24,809-0

Tobacco, ,

2,278-0

2,065-0

1,810-0

2,081-0

2,247-0

2,139-0

Madder, ,

3,108-0

2,559-0

2,331-0

2,741-0

2,500-0

2,629-5

3 G 2