Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1899 American Edition.djvu/1090

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ITALY

nor particular communes. For elementary instruction alone, in 1895, there was expended by the State 4,126,089 lire ; by the Provinces 192,574 lire ; by the Communes 58,708,509 lire : total, 63,027,172 lire.

The attendance at elementary schools (public and private) has, in the last 34 years, risen from 1,000,000 to 2,585,000 ; or, allowing for the increase of population, there has been an increase of 80 per cent, in school attendance.

The percentage of illiterates, male and female, over five years for 1861, over six for 1871 and 1881, and over twenty years of age, in 1861, 1871, and 1881, was :—

Year | Over 6 Years

Over 20 Years

1861 1871 1881

Male 68-091 61-86 54-56

Female 81-271 71-73 69-32

Male 65-47 60-17 53-89

Female 81-52 77-18 72-93

1 Over 5 years (1861).

The percentage of illiterate conscripts, and of illiterates married, at various intervals from 1871 to 1896 was as follows : —

Year

Illiterate Conscripts

Illiterates Maniecl

Male

Female

1871

56-74

57-73

76-73

1881

47-74

48-24

69-90

1891

40-25

4112

59-16

1895

38-34

37-92

53-83

1896

—

36-96

52-57

According to the census of 1881 the number of the poimlation above six years of age who could not read nor write in Upper Italy was 40-85 per cent. ; Middle Italy, 64*61 per cent. ; South Italy, 79-46 per cent. ; and in the Islands, 80-91 per cent. The smallest percentage of illiterates above six years was in Piedmont, 32-27, and the largest in Basilicata, 85-18.

The following are the statistics of elementary (including normal) schools and for higher schools : —

Teachers

Pupils

Males

Females

Total 317,117

^siZt for infants (1896)

2,813

6,884

160,485

156,632

Public schools : —

(1895-96)

50,526

51,505

1,296,461

1,082,888

2,379,349 !

Private do. ,,

9,000

9,565

C9,424

140,650

210,074 I

Evening, &c.,

1

schools, ,

4,687

4,848

110,468

40,901

151,369

Normal schools ,,

148

1,622

1,836

22,316

24,152

Licei, ,

332

1,852

—

—

17,689

Ginnasi ,,

708

4,739

—

—

59,578

Technical instit. ,,

74

1,314

—

—

10,274

Technicalschools,,

381

2,755

—

—

37,193

Naval mercantile, ,

21

183

—

—

917