Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/606

 570 UNITED STATES.

Tears Dollars

1860 16,409.737

1861 22,981,150

1862 394,368,407

1863 599,298,600

1864 690,791.842

1865 1,031,323,360

1866 284,449,701

1867 95.224,415

1868 128,906,351

1869 80,474,545

Total, ten years. .3,344,228,113

By Acts of Congress, approved July 28, 1866, and March 3, 1869, the maximum number of land forces constituting the standing army uf the United States was limited to 54,641 men. The actual strength of the regular army, of all grades, at the end of June, 1870, was 37,383 men. The term of service is three years, but it is pro- posed by the government to be extended to five. The army, as now organised, is composed of 10 regiments of cavalry, consisting each of 12 troops, or companies ; 25 regiments of infantry, of 10 com- panies each; 5 regiments of artillery ; and 1 engineer battalion; besides the cadets of the military academy. The 9th and 10th regiments of cavalry, and the 39th, 40th, and 41st regiments of infantry are composed of negro soldiers, but are commanded by white officers. The 42nd, 43rd, 44th, and 45th regiments are com- posed of veteran reserves. The pay of a private soldier averages Is. Id. a day. That of a colonel is 550Z. a year, that of a captain 250/., and that of a lieutenant 200/. These sunis do not include allowances made for lodging, fuel, and rations.

The army was commanded, in June, 1870, by 1 general, 1 lieutenant-general, 16 brigadier-generals, 60 colonels, 83 lieutenant- colonels, 270 majors, 39 aides-de-camp, 538 captains, and 1,342 first and second lieutenants.

There are four great military divisions, namely, 1. Division of the Missouri; 2. Division of the South; 3. Division of the Atlantic; 4. Division of the Pacific. The first, subdivided into 3 departments and 1 military district, has its head-quarters at St. Louis ; the second, subdivided also into 3 departments and 1 district, has its head- quarters at Louisville, Kentucky ; the third, subdivided into 2 departments and 1 district, has its head-quarters at Philadelphia; and the fourth, divided into 3 departments and 1 district, has its head- quarters at San Francisco. — (Communication of the Secretary of War to the Statesman 's Year-book.)