Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/549

 AKMY AND NAVY. 513

to serve in the same, or men balloted, or in part of both. The marine militia is made up of persons whose usual occupation is on sailing or steam craft navigating the waters of the Dominion. Volunteers have to serve for three years ; and the regular and marine militia for two years. . The period of drill for volunteer corps is 16 days, and for corps of regular militia not less than 8 nor more than 16 days in each year, for which half a dollar per day is paid to the men and' one - dollar to the officers of regular militia. But the men of any corps residing within two miles of the place appointed for drill may be ordered out at other times than when performing their annual drills, without receiving pay. All men serving in the militia must take the oath of allegiance to the sovereign of Great Britain and Ireland.

Official returns of September, 1869, give as follows the strength of the militia and volunteer corps of the Dominion of Canada : — Ontario, 21,816; Quebec, 12,637; New Brunswick, 1,789; and Nova Scotia, 928 — total, 37,170. The strength of the 'reserve militia ' of the Dominion at the same date was as follows : — Ontario, 315,352; Quebec, 215,216 ; New Brunswick, 55,622; and Nova Scotia, 69,876— total, 656,066.

Under the Act of 1868 Canada is divided into nine military dis- tricts, four of which are formed by Ontario, three by Quebec, one by Nova Scotia, and one by New Brunswick. The Act orders that 40,000 active militiamen shall be drilled every year, and that the command of the whole force be vested in the Governor-General, who may call it to arms, wholly or in part, whenever he deems it neces- sary. The period of service in Avar is fixted at one year, to be extended, in case of emergency, by six months. Each military dis- trict is required to furnish its quota of the 40,000 men, but where volunteers are organised they will count either in full or in part for the quota, and where there are no volunteers, or not enough, a ballot is taken. The ballot takes place for three years, and in the ballot- ing, the number of battalions required from counties and town- ships is furnished according to population. Sums are granted towards the education of officers. A school of military instruction is established in each province of the Dominion in connection with some regiment of the British forces, a certain number of whose officers and non-commissioned officers assist in the work of instruction, and are paid an allowance for the extra duties they have to perform. The Government defrays the expenses of travelling and maintenance of those who receive instruction.

The naval forces of Canada consisted, in 1869, of the following armed screw steamers, maintained on the great lakes and the river St. Lawrence, and furnished in part by the British Government, and in part by that of the Dominion.

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