Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/547

 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE.

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partly by government, and partly by local self-imposed taxation, and occasionally by the payment of a small fee for each scholar. The salaries of teachers vary from 130/. to 40/. in country parts, and from 280/. to 75/. in cities and towns. All common-school teachers must pass an examination before a county board of education, or receive a license from the provincial Normal School, empowering them to teach, before they can claim the government allowance. Similar arrangements exist in the other provinces of the Dominion, nearly all the public schools of which possess endowments of land and personal property, the grant partly of private individuals, and partly of the government.

Revenue and Expenditure.

The revenue of the Dominion of Canada for the financial year ending June 30, 1868, amounted to 14,695,500 dollars, or 3,019,623/. and the expenditure, for the same period, to 14,321,360 dollars, or 2,942,745/., leaving a surplus of 374,140 dollars, or 76,878/. Not included in the expenditure, however, were the sums disbursed for the construction of roads, railways, and other works of public utility, raised by loans. In the preceding year, the revenue and expendi- ture of the three constituent parts of the Dominion were : —

Canada ....

Nova Scotia New Brunswick

Total.

Revenue

Expenditure

Dollars

12,432.748

1,665,071

1,212,021

Dollars

11,711,320

1,600,201

1,080,047

15.309,840

14,391,568

The sources of the revenue of old Canada were as follows :

Customs, 6,166,000; Excise, 1,550,000; Post-office, 470,000; Public Works, 450,000 ; Ocean Postage, 70,000 ; Territorial', 650,000; Stamps, 130,000 ; and other sources, 1,650,000 dollars; making a total revenue of 11,136,000 dollars. The following were the chief details of expenditure : — Interest and management of debt, 3,890,000 ; Ordinary Charges, 4,634,000 ; Civil Government, 1,350,000; Eefunds, 100,000; Militia, 500,000; and Public Work* 600,000 dollars.

More than one-half of the revenue of Canada is obtained from customs duties, and the rest from excise dues and other indirect taxation. In the year 1867-8 the customs produced 7,000,000 dollars. The chief item of expenditure is the interest of the public debt requiring above four millions of dollars per annum.