Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/546

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CANADA.

The Governor-general has a salary of 10,000/. per annum. He is assisted in his functions, under the provisions of the Act of 1867, by a Privy Council, composed of the ministers for the time being. The ministry consists of thirteen members, namely — the President of the Council, the Minister of Justice, the Minister of Finance, the Minister of Militia, the Minister of Customs, the Minister of Inland Revenue, the Minister of Public Works, the Minister of Marine and Fisheries, the Minister of Agriculture, the. Secretary for Canada, the Secretary for the Provinces, the Postmaster-General, and the Receiver-General. Each of the ministers has a salary of 5,000 dollars, or about 1,000/. a year. The body of ministers is officially known as the ' Queen's Privy Council for the Dominion of Canada.'

Church and Education.

There is no State Church in the Dominion, and in the whole of British North America. The Church of England is governed by seven bishops; the Roman Catholic Church by one archbishop, and eight bishops ; and the Presbyterian Church of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, by annual synods, presided over by moderators. The number of members of each religious creed in the Dominion of Canada was as follows, according to the census returns of 1861 : —

Koman Catholics.

1,372,913

Presbyterians

471,946

Anglicans

465,572

Wesleyans and Methodists

431,924

Baptists

189,080

Lutherans

29 651

Congregational] sts

. 17,757

Miscellaneous creeds.

. 76,176

Of ' no religion '

. 18,860

No creed stated.

. 16,682

Total

3,090,561

The census returns, besides the broad religious divisions here given, signalise a multitude of sectarian creeds, including ' Second Adventists,' ' Disciples,' 'Bible Christians,' 'Junkers,' ' Menonists,' ' Universalists,' and 'Mormons.' Roman Catholicism prevails most extensively in the province of Quebec, formerly Lower Canada, the number of its adherents there, in 1861, amounting to 943,253, or nearly 70 per cent, of the total of the Dominion. In the province of Ontario, formerly Upper Canada, the number of Roman Catholics, in 1861, was 258,141; while the Church of England numbered 311,505, the Church of Scotland 108,963, and the^Free Church of Scotland 113,043 adherents.

The provinces of Quebec and Ontario have separate school laws, adapted to the religious elements prevailing in either. Each township in Ontario is divided into several school sections, according to the requirements of its inhabitants. The common schools are supported