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RUSSIA.

loans, almost annually, either in London or Amsterdam. The total amount of the loans raised, and the issue of banknotes and of treasury bills, destined to cover the deficits of the thirty years 1832-61, was, in round numbers, as follows : —

Foreign loans

Loans from credit institutions

,, Commission for Extinc- "I

tion of Debt. j

Issue of banknotes

„ treasury bills •

Total.

Roubles 228,385,000 557,000,000

90,000,000

407,000,000 93,000,000

36,000,000 88,000,000

14,000,000

64,000,000 14,500,000

. 1,375,385,000 = 216,500,000

The subjoined table shows the loans raised by the Russian Government in each of the thirty years from 1832 to 1861 : —

Loans from credit

Loans from Commis-

Years

Foreign loans

institutions of

sion for Extinction of

the state

Public Debt

Eoubles

Roubles

Roubles

1832

—

2,919,900

1,922,454

1833

—

7,701,042

1,771,428

1834

—

20,001,342

1,305,299

1835

—

14,352,535

693,131

1836

—

5,925,742

620,192

1837

—

4,889,400

484,098

1838

—

7,550,001

3,447,734

1839

—

10,387,647

3,838,314

1840

1,451,553

6,476,034

14,861,808

1841

4,061,661

2,310,714

12,785,292

1842

5,770,033

9,232,539

11,617,715

1843

7,972,227

15,208,908

—

1844

11,992,133

14,526,089

500,000

1845

ll,676-,370

15,458,872

—

1846

10,553,877

16,654,745

3,762,261

1847

60,773

15,907,161

7,141,555

1848

10,525,234

27,498,910

9,090 655

1849

2,554,161

40,073,517

1,800,645

1850

15,113,113

43,117.807

315,000

1851

18,656,292

36,632,686

415,000

1852

3,434,434

25,045,152

3,550,844

1853

—

45,914,696

5,257,353

1854

17,381,320

87,836,903

—

1855

30,548,800

30,401,516

2,000,000

1856

35,863,823

24,446,211

1,500,000

1857

5,135,896

15,106,858

—

1858

752,226

4,244,210

—

1859

280,975

6,530,785

—

1860

34,600,000

1,722,792

—

1861

—

—

2,212,693