Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/366

 33°

NETHERLANDS.

date, the pupils in the public schools numbered 302,491, among them 209,204 boys, and the pupils in the private schools 98,254, among them 44,443 boys. The teachers, appointed under the law of 1857, are superintended by 94 district school-inspectors, who act under 11 provincial superintendents, and an inspector-general, depending on the Minister of the Interior. It is the duty of the inspectors to grant licenses for the establishment of schools, and to present to the Government three times a year, an account of the state of public instruction. A fuller education than the schools for primary instruction impart 50 schools of middle instruction, with 4,024 pupils, and 61 additional 'Latin schools,' with 1,165 pupils. Above them are the three universities of Leyden, Groningen, and Utrecht, with 1,326 students in January 1867, and the polytechni- cal institution at Delft, with 146 pupils. The ecclesiastical training schools comprise five Roman Catholic and three Protestant semi- naries. The proportion of attendance in the schools for primary instruction is one in eight of the entire population.

Revenue and Expenditure.

The national revenue, derived mainly from indirect taxation, averaged 108,000,000 guilders, or 9,000,000Z. sterling, in recent years, while the expenditure was always within the income, leaving a more or less considerable annual surplus. The following tables exhibit the actual revenue and expenditure of the kingdom, in guilders and pounds sterling, in each of the five years 1863-67.

Years

Revenue

Guilders

£

1863

100,208,820

8,350,735

1864

101,956,464

8,496,372

1865

107,742,756

8,978,563

1866

115,837,284

9,653,107

1867

116,482,868

9,706,905

Years

Expenditure

Guilders

£

1863

99,403,092

8,283,591

1864

101,891,100

8,490,925

1865

106.054,512

8,837,876

1866

105,833,728

8,823,644

1867

112,115,614

9,342,968