Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/159

 ARMY. 123

tion ' of the reserve troops, may b<? consummated in about two weeks' time. When entering upon the campaign of 1866, it required less than fourteen days to bring the whole regular army, together with the first levy of the ' Landwehr,' into the field. In peace, the army lies distributed over 309 garrison towns, and 29 fortresses, of which latter five are fortified places of the first rank, namely, Cassel, Konigsberg, Mayence, and Ehrenbreitstein with Coblenz.

The army of Prussia was commanded, at the end of April 1870, by one field-marshal, one field-zeugmeister, 46 generals, 57 lieu- tenant-generals, 109 major-generals, 155 colonels of infantry, 52 colonels of cavalry, 38 colonels of infantry, and 20 colonels of engineers and train. During the war against France the number of officers was largely increased, and two members of the royal family, the heir-apparent and Prince Friedrich Karl, obtained the rank of field-marshals. Attached to the staff, in 1870, were 1,289 sur- geons, 573 veterinary-surgeons, 507 paymasters, and 454 master- gunsmiths.

Though Prussia has a large Roman Catholic population, the Pro- testant element preponderates in the army. The religious statistics of the year 1862 show that there are 11,298,276 Protestants, of whom 184,767 are in the army; 6,907,000 Roman Catholics, of whom 82,345 are in the army ; 1,202 members of the Greek Church, of whom 6 are soldiers; 13,716 Anabaptists, of whom 8 are soldiers ; 16,233 Dissenters, of whom 63 are soldiers; and 254,785 Jews, of whom 1,328 are in the army. This great preponderance of Pro- testants among the military is partly owing to the fact that out of nearly 8,000 officers in the active army, there are only a few hundred Catholics. In the military schools — six in number, at Potsdam, Erfurt, Neisse, Engers, Cassel, and Hanover — out of 1,300 pupils, there are only from sixty to seventy Roman Catholics.

Area and Population.

The area of Prussia extends over 6,315 geographical, or 137,066 English square miles, on which lived, at the last census, 24,106,847 inhabitants. The kingdom is administratively divided into eleven provinces, which again are subdivided into thirty-seven districts. (Regierungs bezirke), with three annexes. The following table gives the population, civil and military, of these provinces and districts, according to the last census, taken December 3, 1867: —