Page:Statesman's Year-Book 1871.djvu/130

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GERMANY.

House of Charlemagne.

Karl, ' Der Grosse '. . 800-814

Ludwig, ' Der Fromme '. 814-840

Lot bar I. 840-855

Ludwig I. .. . 855-876

Karl, ' Der Kahle '. . 876-877

Ludwig II. . . . 877-881

Karl, 'Der Dicke'. . 881-887

Amulf .... 887-899

Ludwig III., ' Das Kind ' 899-91 1

House of Franc onia. Konradl. . . . 912-918

House of Saxony. Heinrieh, 'Der Vogelsteller' 919-936 Otto, ' Der Grosse '. . 936-973 Otto II. ... 973-983

Otto III. . . . 983-1002

Heinrieh II. . . . 1002-1024

House of Franconia. Konrad II. . 1024-1039

Heinrieh III. . . . 1039-1056 Heinrieh IV. . . . 1056-1106 Heinrieh V. .. . 1106-1125

House of Saxony. Lotharll. . . . 1125-1137

House of Hohenstavfen. Konrad III. . . . 1138-1152 Friedrich L, 'Barbarossa' 1152-1190 Heinrieh VI. . . . 1190-1197 Philipp. . . 1198-1208

Otto IV. ... 1208-1218

Friedrich II. . . . 1218-1250 Konrad IV. . . . 1250-1254

House of Habsburg. Rudolf I. .. . 1273-1291

Adolf .... 1292-1298 Albert I. 1298-1308

House of Luxemburg. Heinrieh VII. . . . 1308-1313 Ludwig IV. . . . 1314-1347 Karl IV. . . . 1347-1378

Wenceslaus. . . 1378-1400 Robert .... 1400-1410 Jodoeus .... 1410-1411 Sigismund. . . 1411-1437

House of Habsburg.

Albert II. . . . 1438-1439

Friedrich III. . . . 1440-1493

Maximilian I. . .1493-1519

Karl V. .. . 1519-1556

Ferdinand I. .. . 1556-1564

Maximilian II. . .1564-1576

Rudolf II. . . .1576-1612

Matthias,. . 1612-1619

Ferdinand II. . . . 1619-1637

Ferdinand III. . . 1637-1657

Leopold I. 1657-1705

Joseph I. .. . 1705-1711

Karl VI. . . .1711-1740

Karl VII. . . . 1742-1745

House of Habsburg -Lorraine. Franz 1 1745-1765

Joseph II. Leopold II Franz II.

Wilhelm I

. 1765-1790 . 1790-1792 . 1792-1806

House of Hohenzollern.

. 1870

The average duration of reign of the fifty-four Emperors of Germany enumerated in the preceding list was upwards of sixteen years.

Constitution and Government.

The Germanic Empire, reconstructed in 1870, as a result of the union created in successfully repelling French invasion, grew out of the North German Confederation, established alter the war of I860 between Austria and Prussia, which ended in the expulsion of the former from the Confederation, leaving the latter as the ruling power in Germany. Pending their union under one government, the states of the Empire were ranged, provisionally, under two groups, as North Germany, and South Germany. North Germany,