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BAHAMAS The Bahamas will remain on the Watch List in 2006. The United States remains concerned over the Bahamas' failure to implement an amendment to the Copyright Act enacted by the Bahamian Government in 2004. The amendment narrowed the scope of the compulsory licensing regime for the reception and transmission of copyright works broadcast free over the air. Although last year's Special 301 Report noted that the copyright amendment reflected a positive step towards compliance with commitments under an agreement reached between the Bahamas and the United States in 2000, the amendment has not yet been implemented. In the absence of such implementation, the compulsory licensing plan contains provisions that allow Bahamian cable operators to retransmit any copyrighted television programming, including for-pay programming, whether or not transmitted from the Bahamas or outside of the Bahamas and whether or not encrypted. Moreover, until existing regulations are changed, the remuneration system for copyrighted works under the compulsory licensing program includes less than fair market value rates for hotels and other commercial enterprises. The United States also urges all interested parties, including U.S. cable operators and copyrights holders, to seek commercial solutions that would facilitate the legal transmission of cable programming by cable operators in the Bahamas.

BELARUS Belarus will remain on the Watch List in 2006. Concerns continue about overdue implementation of Belarus' intellectual property regime, including adherence to commitments under the U.S.-Belarus Trade Agreement. Belarus made no significant progress during 2005 on needed legislative reforms or enforcement efforts. The United States is concerned that IPR enforcement in Belarus remains weak, that piracy levels remain high, and that Belarus needs to take strong enforcement action against optical media plants that are producing pirated goods. The Belarus copyright law needs to be amended to provide adequate protection for sound recordings and pre-existing works, as well as to implement the WIPO Internet Treaties, which Belarus joined in 1998. Despite amendments to its Criminal Code to adopt deterrent penalties for IPR violations, the Criminal Code still does not provide ex officio authority to allow police officials to initiate criminal copyright cases or for customs officials to seize illegal products at the border. Furthermore, Belarus' law does not provide for civil ex parte search procedures necessary to protect against end-user software piracy. The United States encourages Belarus to improve its IPR regime and to enforce its IPR laws more aggressively. In addition, the United States urges Belarus to fulfill its obligations under the United States-Belarus Trade Agreement and will continue to monitor its progress in strengthening its IPR regime, especially in the context of Belarus' bid for accession to the WTO.

BOLIVIA Bolivia will remain on the Watch List in 2006. Despite an increase in public education on IPR and ongoing efforts to institutionalize the National Intellectual Property Rights Service, there were no notable improvements to Bolivia's IPR regime. Under the TRIPS Agreement and the WIPO Internet Treaties, the latter of which were signed but have not yet been ratified, Bolivia should have increased its level of IPR protection years ago. Bolivia has inadequate copyright laws, significant copyright piracy and trademark counterfeiting, and weak overall IPR