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count these, would consume more space than would be profitable in this discussion.

That this writer was not singular in his opinions, in regard to our struggle, is manifest from what Mr. Justin McCarthy tells us in the second volume of his "History of our own Times." McCarthy was evidently an ardent sympathizer with the North, and yet he says that in England " the vast majority of what are called the gov- erning classes, were on the side of the South;" that " by far the greater number of the aristocracy of the official world, of Members of Parliament, of Military and Naval men were for the South; " that " London Club life was virtually Southern; " and that "the most powerful papers in London, and the most popular papers as well, were open partizans of the Southern Confederation."

Lord Russell said the contest was one ' ' in which the North was striving for empire, and the South for independence."

Mr. Gladstone said, our President, Mr. Davis, " had made an army, had made a navy, and had made a nation."

And it is as certain as anything that did not happen can be, that but for the fall of Vicksburg, and our failure to succeed at Gettys- burg in July, 1863 (both of which disasters came on us at the same time), Mr. Roebuck's motion in Parliament for recognition by Eng- land, which the Emporer Napoleon also was working hard to bring about, would have been carried, and the Confederacy would then have been recognized by both England and France. This recogni- tion would have raised the blockade, and this was all the South needed to insure its success. For as a distinguished Northern writer, from whom I shall presently quote, said, "without their navy to blockade our ports, they never could have conquered us."

Mr. Percy Greg, the justly famous English historian, says:

" If the Colonies were entitled to judge of their own cause, much more were the Southern States. Their rights rights not implied, assumed, or traditional, like those of the Colonies, but expressly de- fined and solemnly guaranteed bylaw had been flagrantly violated; the compact which alone bound them, had beyond question, been systematically broken for more than forty years by the States which appealed to it."

After showing the perfect regula/ity and legality of the Secession movement, he then says: " It was in defence of this that the people of the South sprang to arms ' to defend their homes and families, their property and their rights, the honor and independence of their States